Bekker Johan L, Hoffman Louw C, Jooste Piet J
Department of Environmental Health, Tshwane University of Technology.
Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 2012 Dec 5;79(1):E1-E12. doi: 10.4102/ojvr.v79i1.422.
With on-going changes in land use practices from conventional livestock farming to commercial, wildlife-based activities, the interface or interaction between livestock and wildlife is increasing. As part of the wildlife-based activities of ecotourism, breeding and hunting, game farmers are also exploring the utilisation of meat from hunted or harvested game. The expanding interface or increased interaction between livestock and wildlife increases the risk of disease incidence and the emergence of new diseases or the re-emergence of previously diagnosed diseases. The risk is not only related to domestic and wild animal health, but also to the occupational hazards that it poses to animal handlers and the consumers of game meat. This review endeavours to highlight the role that game plays in the spreading of zoonotic diseases to other animals and humans. Examples of zoonotic diseases that have occurred in wild animals in the past, their relevance and risk have been summarised and should function as a quick reference guide for wildlife veterinarians, ecologists, farmers, hunters, slaughter staff, processors and public health professionals.
随着土地使用方式从传统畜牧养殖持续转变为以野生动物为基础的商业活动，家畜与野生动物之间的界面或相互作用正在增加。作为生态旅游、养殖和狩猎等以野生动物为基础的活动的一部分，野味养殖户也在探索利用猎获或收获的野味肉类。家畜与野生动物之间不断扩大的界面或增加的相互作用，增加了疾病发生的风险以及新疾病出现或先前诊断疾病再次出现的风险。这种风险不仅与家养和野生动物的健康有关，还与它给动物处理人员和野味肉类消费者带来的职业危害有关。本综述旨在强调野味在人畜共患病传播给其他动物和人类过程中所起的作用。过去在野生动物中发生的人畜共患病实例、其相关性和风险已被总结，应作为野生动物兽医、生态学家、养殖户、猎人、屠宰人员、加工人员和公共卫生专业人员的快速参考指南。
