Shu Hua, Zheng Yan-song, Li Chun-lin, Lu Yan-hui, Liu Min-yan, He Xiao-hong
Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2012 Dec 25;92(48):3412-6.
To explore the characteristics of body composition among male and female adults with different body weights.
A total of 61 379 healthy adults (39 855 males and 21 527 females) were referred to our health examination center between May 2005 and February 2011. Body mass index (BMI) and body composition contents of fat, water, muscle, protein and mineral salt were measured by anthropometric measurements and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The data were analyzed among groups divided by gender, age and BMI.
(1) The prevalence of overweight and obesity defined by BMI was significantly higher in the male group than the female of the same age group under 70 years old (all P < 0.01). (2) Within a certain age range (< 60 in males, < 70 in females), the prevalence of both overweight and obesity defined by BMI increased with age (all P < 0.01). (3) The fat mass percentage was significantly higher in females than in males of the same age group. The difference became more and more significant with advancing age. And the most significant difference was found in the upper 70 years old group (fat mass rate of males vs females, 24% ± 7% vs 36% ± 6%, P < 0.01). (4) Body fat mass percentage progressively elevated with increases of BMI while there was a decreasing trend of other body composition contents. The total male subjects had higher percentage of muscle, water and mineral salt than females (percentage of muscle, water and mineral salt of males vs females, 0.708 ± 0.066 vs 0.664 ± 0.063, 0.520 ± 0.044 vs 0.474 ± 0.042, 0.040 ± 0.004 vs 0.036 ± 0.004, all P < 0.01) while the percentage of protein was higher in the total female group (P < 0.01).
Females has more fat mass than males under the same BMI. So it is more reasonable to introduce adiposity for the evaluation of obesity, especially in females.
探讨不同体重的成年男性和女性的身体成分特征。
2005年5月至2011年2月期间，共有61379名健康成年人（39855名男性和21527名女性）前来我们的健康体检中心。通过人体测量和生物电阻抗分析（BIA）测量体重指数（BMI）以及脂肪、水、肌肉、蛋白质和矿物质盐的身体成分含量。对按性别、年龄和BMI划分的组间数据进行分析。
（1）在70岁以下的同年龄组中，男性组中由BMI定义的超重和肥胖患病率显著高于女性组（所有P<0.01）。（2）在一定年龄范围内（男性<60岁，女性<70岁），由BMI定义的超重和肥胖患病率均随年龄增加而升高（所有P<0.01）。（3）同年龄组女性的脂肪量百分比显著高于男性。随着年龄增长，差异越来越显著。在70岁以上组中差异最为显著（男性与女性的脂肪量率，24%±7%对36%±6%，P<0.01）。（4）身体脂肪量百分比随着BMI的增加而逐渐升高，而其他身体成分含量呈下降趋势。男性受试者的肌肉、水和矿物质盐百分比总体上高于女性（男性与女性的肌肉、水和矿物质盐百分比，0.708±0.066对0.664±0.063，0.520±0.044对0.474±0.042，0.040±0.004对0.036±0.004，所有P<0.01），而女性总体组的蛋白质百分比更高（P<0.01）。
在相同BMI下，女性的脂肪量多于男性。因此，引入肥胖度来评估肥胖更为合理，尤其是在女性中。
