Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France.
J Hazard Mater. 2013 Feb 15;246-247:291-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.12.042. Epub 2013 Jan 3.
With the rise of sustainable development, rehabilitation of brownfield sites located in urban areas has become a major concern. Management of contaminated soils in relation with environmental and sanitary risk concerns is therefore a strong aim needing the development of both useful tools for risk assessment and sustainable remediation techniques. For soils polluted by metals and metalloids (MTE), the criteria for landfilling are currently not based on ecotoxicological tests but on total MTE concentrations and leaching tests. In this study, the ecotoxicity of leachates from MTE polluted soils sampled from an industrial site recycling lead-acid batteries were evaluated by using both modified Escherichia coli strains with luminescence modulated by metals and normalized Daphnia magna and Alivibrio fischeri bioassays. The results were clearly related to the type of microorganisms (crustacean, different strains of bacteria) whose sensitivity varied. Ecotoxicity was also different according to sample location on the site, total concentrations and physico-chemical properties of each soil. For comparison, standard leaching tests were also performed. Potentially phytoavailable fraction of MTE in soils and physico-chemical measures were finally performed in order to highlight the mechanisms. The results demonstrated that the use of a panel of microorganisms is suitable for hazard classification of polluted soils. In addition, calculated eco-scores permit to rank the polluted soils according to their potentially of dangerousness. Influence of soil and MTE characteristics on MTE mobility and ecotoxicity was also highlighted.
随着可持续发展的兴起，位于城市地区的棕地的修复已成为一个主要关注点。因此，与环境和卫生风险有关的污染土壤管理是一个强烈的目标，需要开发有用的风险评估工具和可持续修复技术。对于受金属和类金属（MTE）污染的土壤，目前土地填埋的标准不是基于生态毒性测试，而是基于 MTE 的总浓度和浸出测试。在这项研究中，使用经过改良的大肠杆菌菌株，通过金属调节发光，以及归一化的大型溞和发光菌生物测定法，评估了从一个回收铅酸电池的工业场地采集的 MTE 污染土壤的浸出液的生态毒性。结果与微生物的类型（甲壳类动物，不同的细菌菌株）明显相关，其敏感性不同。根据每个土壤的样品位置、总浓度和物理化学性质，生态毒性也不同。为了进行比较，还进行了标准浸出试验。最后还进行了土壤中 MTE 的潜在植物可利用部分和物理化学措施的测量，以突出相关机制。结果表明，使用一组微生物适合污染土壤的危害分类。此外，计算出的生态评分可以根据污染土壤的潜在危险性对其进行排序。土壤和 MTE 特性对 MTE 迁移性和生态毒性的影响也得到了强调。
