Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Br J Sports Med. 2013 Sep;47(14):909-13. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2012-091439. Epub 2013 Jan 17.
To counteract the recently observed increase in forearm fractures in children worldwide, an educational programme to improve fall skills was developed. In this 8-week programme children learned basic martial arts falling techniques in their physical education classes. In this study, the effectiveness of this educational programme to improve fall skills was evaluated.
A cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted in 33 primary schools. The intervention group received the educational programme to improve falling skills during their physical education (PE) classes whereas the control group received their regular PE curriculum. At baseline (October 2009) and follow-up (May 2010), a questionnaire was completed by the children about their physical activity behaviours. Furthermore, fall-related injuries were registered continuously during an entire school-year.
A total of 36 incident injuries was reported in the intervention group, equalling an injury incidence density (IID) of 0.14 fall-related injuries per 1000 h of physical activity (95% CI 0.09 to 0.18). In contrast, 96 injuries were reported by the control group corresponding to an IID of 0.26 (95% CI 0.21 to 0.32). However, because intracluster correlation was high (ICC=0.46), differences in injury incidence were not statistically significant. When activity level was taken into account, a trend was shown suggesting that the 'falling is a sport' programme was effective in decreasing falling-related injury risk, but only in the least active children.
Although results did not reach significance because of strong clustering effects, a trend was found suggesting that a school-based educational programme to improve falling skills may be more beneficial for the prevention of falling-related injuries in children with low levels of habitual physical activity.
为了应对全球范围内儿童前臂骨折最近观察到的增加，开发了一个旨在提高跌倒技能的教育计划。在这个 8 周的计划中，孩子们在体育课上学习基本的武术跌倒技术。在这项研究中，评估了这个提高跌倒技能的教育计划的有效性。
在 33 所小学进行了一项群组随机对照试验。干预组在体育课上接受提高跌倒技能的教育计划，而对照组接受常规体育课。在基线（2009 年 10 月）和随访（2010 年 5 月）时，孩子们通过问卷完成了关于他们体育活动行为的调查。此外，在整个学年中连续登记与跌倒相关的伤害。
干预组报告了 36 例新的伤害事件，受伤发生率密度（IID）为每 1000 小时体育活动 0.14 例与跌倒相关的伤害（95%CI 0.09 至 0.18）。相比之下，对照组报告了 96 例伤害，IID 为 0.26（95%CI 0.21 至 0.32）。然而，由于组内相关性较高（ICC=0.46），受伤发生率的差异没有统计学意义。当考虑到活动水平时，显示出一种趋势，表明“跌倒也是一项运动”计划在降低与跌倒相关的伤害风险方面是有效的，但仅对活动水平最低的儿童有效。
尽管由于聚类效应很强，结果没有达到显著性，但发现了一种趋势，表明提高跌倒技能的基于学校的教育计划可能更有益于预防习惯性体育活动水平较低的儿童与跌倒相关的伤害。
