College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Curr Drug Metab. 2013 May;14(4):414-31. doi: 10.2174/1389200211314040005.
The properties of polyphenols as AGEs formation inhibitors have attracted great interest among researchers. This review discusses the antiglycation activities of polyphenols and focuses on the relationship between the AGEs formation inhibitory activities and their chemical structures. The molecular structures influence the inhibition in the following ways: (1) The hydroxylation on both A ring and B ring improved the inhibitory activity on AGEs formation, while hydroxylation on C ring decreased the activity. (2) The methylation generally reduced the anti-AGEs activity of flavonoids, except for the 3-O-methylation of flavonols. (3) The glycosylation of hydroxyls of flavonoids tended to decrease the inhibitory activities on inhibiting AGEs formation, although contradictionary results were existed. (4) Hydrogenation of the C2=C3 double bond of flavones slightly weakened their activities. (5) A 5,7-dihydroxy structure was favorable to the activity of isoflavones. (6) Proanthocyanidins dimer or trimers showed a stronger inhibitory activity than catechins, and the glucosides of anthocyanidin had higher activities than their rutinosides. (7) The hydroxylation on B ring and the methylation of stilbenes decreased the inhibitory activity. (8) Presence of galloyl groups was important for the activity of catechins, and α-hydroxyl group at C-3 was much more effective than β-hydroxyl group at C-3. (9) The phenolic acids with multiple hydroxyls showed strong inhibition against AGEs formation, and an ortho or meta dihydroxyl structure on the benzene ring was vital to the anti-AGEs activity of anthraquinone. (10) Both ellagic acids and ellagitannins showed potent inhibitory activities on AGEs formation, and hydroxylation increased the activities but methylation decreased them.
多酚作为 AGEs 形成抑制剂的特性引起了研究人员的极大兴趣。本综述讨论了多酚的抗糖化活性，并重点讨论了 AGEs 形成抑制活性与其化学结构之间的关系。分子结构以以下方式影响抑制作用：（1）A 环和 B 环的羟基化提高了对 AGEs 形成的抑制活性，而 C 环的羟基化则降低了活性。（2）黄酮类化合物的甲基化通常降低了其抗 AGEs 活性，除了黄酮醇的 3-O-甲基化。（3）黄酮类化合物羟基的糖基化往往会降低抑制 AGEs 形成的抑制活性，尽管存在矛盾的结果。（4）黄酮类化合物 C2=C3 双键的加氢略微削弱了它们的活性。（5）5,7-二羟基结构有利于异黄酮的活性。（6）原花青素二聚体或三聚体表现出比儿茶素更强的抑制活性，而花色苷的糖苷比它们的芦丁糖苷具有更高的活性。（7）B 环的羟基化和二苯乙烯的甲基化降低了抑制活性。（8）存在没食子酰基对于儿茶素的活性很重要，C-3 上的α-羟基比 C-3 上的β-羟基更有效。（9）具有多个羟基的酚酸对 AGEs 形成具有很强的抑制作用，苯环上邻位或间位二羟基结构对蒽醌的抗 AGEs 活性至关重要。（10）鞣花酸和鞣花单宁都对 AGEs 形成具有很强的抑制活性，羟基化增加了活性，但甲基化降低了它们的活性。
