University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J7, Canada.
Child Dev. 2013 Jul-Aug;84(4):1191-208. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12049. Epub 2013 Jan 17.
This study used a British cohort (n = ∼13,000) to investigate the association between child care during infancy and later cognition while controlling for social selection and missing data. It was found that attending child care (informal or center based) at 9 months was positively associated with cognitive outcomes at age 3 years, but only for children of mothers with low education. These effects did not persist to ages 5 or 7 years. Early center-based care was associated with better cognitive outcomes than informal care at ages 3 and 5 years, but not at 7 years. Effect sizes were larger among children whose mother had low education. Propensity score matching and multiple imputation revealed significant findings undetected using regression and complete-case approaches.
这项研究使用了英国队列（n≈13000），在控制社会选择和缺失数据的情况下，调查了婴儿期的儿童保育与后期认知之间的关系。研究发现，9 个月大时参加儿童保育（非正式或中心式）与 3 岁时的认知结果呈正相关，但仅适用于受教育程度较低的母亲的孩子。这些影响在 5 岁或 7 岁时并不持续。与非正式护理相比，早期的以中心为基础的护理与 3 岁和 5 岁时的认知结果更好相关，但在 7 岁时并非如此。在母亲受教育程度较低的儿童中，效应大小更大。倾向评分匹配和多重插补揭示了使用回归和完整案例方法无法检测到的显著发现。
