Department of Neuropsychiatry, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2013 Jan;67(1):3-11. doi: 10.1111/pcn.12003.
The aim of this study was to investigate the influences of menopause on brain morphological changes in schizophrenia using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Forty female schizophrenia patients, 20 premenopausal and 20 postmenopausal, and 50 female controls underwent cerebral MRI. Optimized voxel-based morphometry was performed with Statistical Parametric Mapping version 5.
Compared with controls, regional gray matter reductions in schizophrenia patients were observed in the insula, superior temporal gyrus, anterior cingulate, parahippocampal gyrus, and thalamus. Direct comparison between the patient groups showed that the gray matter of postmenopausal patients was significantly smaller when compared with premenopausal patients in the left middle frontal gyrus, and no region had significantly lower gray matter volume in premenopausal patients relative to postmenopausal patients. Significant negative correlation between gray matter volume and the interval after menopause was found in the right superior frontal gyrus in the postmenopause patient group.
Differential morphological alterations between postmenopausal and premenopausal schizophrenia patients were observed, suggesting that the female hormone plays a protective role against schizophrenia.
本研究旨在通过磁共振成像（MRI）探讨绝经对精神分裂症脑形态变化的影响。
对 40 名女性精神分裂症患者（20 名绝经前患者和 20 名绝经后患者）和 50 名女性对照者进行脑部 MRI 检查。采用统计参数图 5 版进行优化体素形态计量学分析。
与对照组相比，精神分裂症患者的脑区灰质体积减少，主要位于岛叶、颞上回、前扣带回、海马旁回和丘脑。两组患者的直接比较显示，与绝经前患者相比，绝经后患者的左侧额中回灰质体积明显较小，而绝经前患者的灰质体积在任何部位均低于绝经后患者。在绝经后患者组中，右侧额上回的灰质体积与绝经后时间呈显著负相关。
绝经前和绝经后精神分裂症患者之间存在形态学差异，表明女性激素对精神分裂症具有保护作用。
