Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, D-01187 Dresden, Germany.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013 Aug 1;131(3):308-15. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.12.024. Epub 2013 Jan 17.
There is little prospective-epidemiological information on symptoms of DSM-IV-alcohol use disorder (alcohol abuse and dependence; AUD) that may be typical for early AUD stages or the developmental periods of adolescence and early adulthood.
To investigate AUD symptoms (AUDS) cross-sectionally at three subsequent assessment waves regarding prevalence rates, symptom counts, associated drinking patterns, positive predictive values (PPV) for DSM-IV-alcohol dependence (AD), and AUDS stability over time.
N=2039 community subjects (baseline age 14-24 years) participated in a baseline and two follow-up assessment(s) over up to ten years. DSM-IV-AUDS, DSM-IV-AUD and craving were assessed with the DSM-IV/M-CIDI.
Over the assessment waves, tolerance and much time were most and role obligations and withdrawal least frequent. Most subjects with DSM-IV-AUDS reported only one symptom (47.2-55.1%). PPV for DSM-IV-AD only exceeded 70% for activities, problem, withdrawal, and desired control; PPV were lowest for tolerance and hazardous use. For most AUDS, AUDS report compared to non-report was associated with elevated drinking frequency and amounts. Stability of baseline AUDS at four-year and ten-year follow-up did not exceed 36.4% for any symptom.
The overall pattern of most/least frequent AUDS reported in adolescence and early adulthood resembles findings in older adults and does not suggest a developmentally specific symptom pattern. Moderate AUDS-stability and considerable remission rates indicate that AUDS in this age group are transient for a considerable proportion of subjects. However, the associations with elevated consumption indicate that AUDS reports early in life need to be taken seriously in prevention and intervention.
关于可能是早期酒精使用障碍（酒精滥用和依赖；AUD）阶段或青少年和成年早期发展期特有的 DSM-IV-酒精使用障碍（AUD）症状，前瞻性流行病学信息很少。
在三个后续评估波中，调查 AUD 症状（AUDS）的横断面患病率、症状数、相关饮酒模式、DSM-IV-酒精依赖（AD）的阳性预测值（PPV）和随时间的 AUDS 稳定性。
N=2039 名社区受试者（基线年龄 14-24 岁）参加了一项基线和两次随访评估，时间长达十年。DSM-IV-AUDS、DSM-IV-AUD 和渴望使用采用 DSM-IV/M-CIDI 评估。
在评估波中，耐受和大量时间是最常见的，而角色义务和戒断是最不常见的。大多数有 DSM-IV-AUDS 的受试者仅报告一个症状（47.2-55.1%）。DSM-IV-AD 的 PPV 仅对活动、问题、戒断和渴望控制超过 70%；PPV 对耐受和危险使用最低。对于大多数 AUDS，与非报告相比，AUDS 报告与饮酒频率和量的增加有关。在四年和十年的随访中，基线 AUDS 的稳定性不超过任何症状的 36.4%。
在青少年和成年早期报告的大多数/最少常见的 AUD 总体模式与老年成年人的发现相似，并不表明存在特定于发育的症状模式。适度的 AUDS 稳定性和相当高的缓解率表明，在这一年龄组中，相当一部分受试者的 AUDS 是短暂的。然而，与饮酒量增加的关联表明，在生命早期的 AUD 报告需要在预防和干预中认真对待。
