Bowen D J, Grunberg N E
Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98104.
Physiol Behav. 1990 Feb;47(2):287-91. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(90)90144-s.
There is some evidence that food consumption changes across the menstrual cycle. However, archived studies tend to rely on self-report data and do not differentiate among types of food eaten. The present laboratory study was designed to measure women's taste preferences and specific food consumption across the menstrual cycle. Women came into the laboratory, consumed everyday foods, and rated them on taste judgment scales. The foods were weighed before and after the tasting session to determine amount eaten. After the tasting session, subjects completed several questionnaires (e.g., measures of affect, restrained eating, menstrual cycle and menstrual symptoms). Physical measurements (e.g., height, weight) were taken at the end of the session. Sweet food consumption and preference ratings were significantly higher during the premenstrual period. Consumption and ratings of other foods did not differ. There were no differences in levels of mood, obesity, or restrained eating across the menstrual cycle. Low restraint was associated with reporting fewer menstrual symptoms, in general, and slightly better mood. These results support the idea that specific taste preferences change over the menstrual cycle, and that endocrinological factors could be involved in this phenomenon.
有证据表明，食物摄入量在月经周期中会发生变化。然而，以往的研究往往依赖自我报告数据，且未区分所吃食物的类型。本实验室研究旨在测量女性在月经周期中的味觉偏好和特定食物摄入量。女性进入实验室，食用日常食物，并根据味觉判断量表对其进行评分。品尝前后对食物进行称重，以确定食用量。品尝结束后，受试者完成了几份问卷（例如，情感、节制饮食、月经周期和月经症状的测量）。在实验结束时进行了身体测量（例如，身高、体重）。经前期甜食摄入量和偏好评分显著更高。其他食物的摄入量和评分没有差异。月经周期中情绪、肥胖或节制饮食水平没有差异。一般来说，低节制与报告较少的月经症状和稍好的情绪有关。这些结果支持了特定味觉偏好在月经周期中会发生变化的观点，并且内分泌因素可能与这一现象有关。
