Heuberger Larissa S, Gobbi Susanna, Weber Susanna C, Graf Gwendolyn, Tobler Philippe N, Asarian Lori, Geary Nori, Roth Mareike, Leeners Brigitte
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland.
Zurich Center for Neuroeconomics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Front Neurosci. 2022 Feb 16;16:800976. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.800976. eCollection 2022.
The importance of menstrual cycle physiology in appetite and obesity is poorly understood. We investigated the effects of body mass index (BMI), menstrual cycle phase and sweet and salty taste on monetary valuation of snack foods.
We recruited 72 women and after the application of in- and exclusion criteria 31 participants with healthy weight and 25 with obesity remained. The participants completed a willingness to pay (WTP) task to measure subjective value of 30 snack food items in the pre-ovulatory and mid-luteal cycle phases.
Generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) analysis revealed that BMI, cycle phase and snack taste interacted to influence WTP (-0.15 [-0.22, -0.03], = 0.002). Hence, WTP was inversely related to BMI, but the strength of the relation depended on cycle phase and taste. The WTP of participants with healthy weight for salty taste changed across cycle phase but the WTP for sweet taste was not affected by cycle phase. Moreover, the cycle effect for the salty snacks ceased in participants with obesity.
The inverse effect of BMI on WTP valuation of snack foods contrasts with the positive effect of BMI on pleasantness ratings for milkshakes by the same women that we previously reported. This indicates that the two measures reflect different aspects of food-related valuative processing in obesity. Furthermore, the WTP data suggest that the selection of salty snacks may differ from that of sweet snacks in the pre-ovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle for individuals of healthy weight. The cycle phase does not seem to affect food valuation of participants with obesity. These findings are relevant to understanding and treating obesity in women.
月经周期生理在食欲和肥胖方面的重要性尚未得到充分理解。我们研究了体重指数（BMI）、月经周期阶段以及甜味和咸味对休闲食品货币估值的影响。
我们招募了72名女性，在应用纳入和排除标准后，留下了31名体重正常的参与者和25名肥胖参与者。参与者完成了一项支付意愿（WTP）任务，以测量排卵前期和黄体中期30种休闲食品的主观价值。
广义线性混合模型（GLMM）分析显示，BMI、周期阶段和零食口味相互作用，影响支付意愿（-0.15 [-0.22, -0.03]，P = 0.002）。因此，支付意愿与BMI呈负相关，但这种关系的强度取决于周期阶段和口味。体重正常的参与者对咸味的支付意愿在整个周期阶段有所变化，但对甜味的支付意愿不受周期阶段影响。此外，肥胖参与者中咸味零食的周期效应消失。
BMI对休闲食品支付意愿估值的负面影响与我们之前报道的同一批女性中BMI对奶昔愉悦度评分的正面影响形成对比。这表明这两种测量反映了肥胖中与食物相关估值过程的不同方面。此外，支付意愿数据表明，对于体重正常的个体，在月经周期的排卵前期，咸味零食的选择可能与甜味零食不同。周期阶段似乎不影响肥胖参与者的食物估值。这些发现与理解和治疗女性肥胖有关。
