Volden G, Rajka G, Thune P, Falk E S, Krogh H K
Hudavdelingen, Regionsykehuset i Trondheim.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1990 Apr 10;110(10):1202-5.
Incidence of malignant melanoma of the skin has risen rapidly during the last decades. Mortality rates are also rising, although not so much as incidence rates. There is strong evidence that exposure to sunlight is a major factor in the etiology of melanomas. There appears to be no direct cumulative dose-response relationship, except in the case of lentigo maligna melanoma. Episodes of sunburn among children and young individuals seem to be more important as an etiologic factor for melanoma than chronic exposure to the sun. Very high risk of melanoma exists in persons with dysplastic nevus syndrome. Persons with giant congenital nevi are also at increased risk. However, many melanomas arise de novo. It is our intention to reduce mortality by screening families at risk, by early detection and treatment of melanomas, and by education.
在过去几十年中，皮肤恶性黑色素瘤的发病率迅速上升。死亡率也在上升，尽管不如发病率上升得那么快。有强有力的证据表明，阳光照射是黑色素瘤病因中的一个主要因素。除了恶性雀斑样痣黑色素瘤外，似乎不存在直接的累积剂量反应关系。儿童和年轻人的晒伤发作作为黑色素瘤的病因似乎比长期暴露于阳光下更为重要。发育异常痣综合征患者存在非常高的黑色素瘤风险。患有巨大先天性痣的人风险也会增加。然而，许多黑色素瘤是新发的。我们打算通过对高危家庭进行筛查、早期发现和治疗黑色素瘤以及开展教育来降低死亡率。
