Raveneau Gladys, Feinstein Ronald, Rosen Lisa M, Fisher Martin
Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2014;26(1):131-6. doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2013-0015.
Although the vast majority of youths with an eating disorder (ED) are treated as outpatients, some require treatment in an inpatient unit. The purpose of this study was to determine the attitudes of nurses and pediatric residents towards adolescents and young adults with ED.
Nursing questionnaires were distributed through a nurse manager and resident questionnaires were distributed in coordination with the chief residents.
A total of 82 individuals (32 nurses and 50 pediatric residents) completed the survey. Only two nurses and six residents had not worked with a patient with an ED in the previous year. The vast majority of nurses and residents recognized that fear of gaining weight, refusal to maintain body weight and, disturbed body image were frequent signs occurring in patients with an ED. Both nurses and residents believed that emotional problems, influence of friends and family, family pressure, influence of the media, and being self-induced were the most likely causes of EDs. Genetics and influence of other medical problems were deemed less likely causes. The majority of residents identified having different rules for different patients and poor communication as factors that make it difficult to take care of ED patients. More than half of all nurses and residents (58.2%) thought that ED patients were responsible for their disease "always" or "in most cases". Residents (68.8%) were more likely than nurses (45.2%) to frequently feel frustrated with ED patients (χ2, p<0.0370).
Adolescents with an ED provide a unique challenge to nurses and residents caring for them.
尽管绝大多数患有饮食失调症（ED）的青少年作为门诊患者接受治疗，但有些患者需要在住院部接受治疗。本研究的目的是确定护士和儿科住院医师对患有饮食失调症的青少年和年轻人的态度。
护理问卷通过护士长分发，住院医师问卷与总住院医师协调分发。
共有82人（32名护士和50名儿科住院医师）完成了调查。在前一年中，只有两名护士和六名住院医师没有接触过患有饮食失调症的患者。绝大多数护士和住院医师认识到，害怕体重增加、拒绝维持体重以及身体形象紊乱是饮食失调症患者常见的症状。护士和住院医师都认为，情绪问题、朋友和家人的影响、家庭压力、媒体的影响以及自我诱导是饮食失调症最可能的原因。遗传因素和其他医疗问题的影响被认为不太可能是原因。大多数住院医师认为，对不同患者有不同规则以及沟通不畅是照顾饮食失调症患者困难的因素。超过一半的护士和住院医师（58.2%）认为饮食失调症患者“总是”或“在大多数情况下”应对自己的疾病负责。住院医师（68.8%）比护士（45.2%）更常对饮食失调症患者感到沮丧（χ2，p<0.0370）。
患有饮食失调症的青少年给照顾他们的护士和住院医师带来了独特的挑战。
