Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Safe Transportation Research and Education Center, University of California, Berkeley, , California, USA.
Emerg Med J. 2014 Jan;31(1):9-12. doi: 10.1136/emermed-2012-201859. Epub 2013 Jan 21.
Few studies have looked at how obesity affects injury outcomes among vehicle occupants involved in traffic collisions.
To estimate the association of obesity with death risk among drivers of passenger vehicles aged ≥16 and to examine effect modification by driver sex, driver seat belt use, vehicle type and collision type.
We conducted a matched-pair cohort study using data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System. WHO body mass index (BMI) categories were calculated. Data were analysed using conditional Poisson regression.
Estimated risk ratios (RRs) were slightly raised for underweight drivers (RR=1.19, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.63). RR increased with higher BMI categories and were 1.21 (0.98 to 1.49) for BMI 30-34.9, 1.51 (1.10 to 2.08) for BMI 35-39.9 and 1.80 (1.15 to 2.84) for BMI ≥40. Estimated BMI effects varied by gender. We found no meaningful variation across levels of vehicle type, collision type or seat belt use.
Findings from this study suggest that obese vehicle drivers are more likely to die from traffic collision-related injuries than non-obese occupants involved in the same collision. Education is needed to improve seat belt use among obese people, as is research to understand the potential role of comorbidities in injury outcomes.
很少有研究探讨肥胖如何影响交通碰撞中车辆乘员的受伤结果。
评估肥胖对≥16 岁乘用车驾驶员死亡风险的影响，并检验驾驶员性别、驾驶员安全带使用、车辆类型和碰撞类型的作用修饰。
我们使用 Fatality Analysis Reporting System 中的数据进行了一项匹配对队列研究。计算了世界卫生组织（WHO）体重指数（BMI）类别。使用条件泊松回归分析数据。
估计的相对风险（RR）对于体重不足的驾驶员略高（RR=1.19，95%CI 0.86 至 1.63）。RR 随 BMI 类别升高而增加，BMI 为 30-34.9 时为 1.21（0.98 至 1.49），BMI 为 35-39.9 时为 1.51（1.10 至 2.08），BMI≥40 时为 1.80（1.15 至 2.84）。BMI 效应的估计值因性别而异。我们没有发现车辆类型、碰撞类型或安全带使用水平的有意义变化。
本研究结果表明，肥胖的车辆驾驶员在与交通碰撞相关的伤害中死亡的可能性高于同一碰撞中的非肥胖乘员。需要开展教育活动以提高肥胖者的安全带使用，同时需要开展研究以了解合并症在伤害结果中的潜在作用。
