Department of Simulation and Graphics, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany,
Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg. 2013 Sep;8(5):809-18. doi: 10.1007/s11548-013-0812-z. Epub 2013 Jan 22.
The training of liver surgeons depends on local conditions such as the specialization of the clinic, the spectrum of cases, and the instructing surgeons. We present the LiverSurgeryTrainer a software application to support the training of prospective surgeons in preoperative decision making.
The LiverSurgeryTrainer visualizes radiological images, volumetric information, and interactive 3D models of patients' liver anatomy. In addition, it provides special interaction techniques and tools to perform individual resections on the training data. To assess the correctness of decisions made by the learner, comments and decisions from experienced liver surgeons are provided for each case. To complete the case, additional material concerning the actual surgery (e.g., videos, reports) is presented. The application workflow is derived from a scenario-based design process and is based on an instructional design model.
The LiverSurgeryTrainer was evaluated in several steps. A formative usability evaluation identified workflow and user interface flaws that were resolved in further development process. A summative evaluation shows the improvement of the LiverSurgeryTrainer in nearly all analyzed aspects. First results of a learning success evaluation show that learners experience a learning effect.
Our training system allows surgeons to train procedures and interaction techniques for computer-based planning of liver interventions. The evaluations showed acceptance and usability.
肝外科医师的培训取决于当地的条件，如临床科室的专业化、病例范围和指导医师。我们介绍了 LiverSurgeryTrainer 软件应用程序，以支持潜在外科医生在术前决策中的培训。
LiverSurgeryTrainer 可视化了患者肝脏解剖结构的影像学图像、容积信息和交互式 3D 模型。此外，它还提供了特殊的交互技术和工具，用于在训练数据上执行个体化切除。为了评估学习者决策的正确性，每个病例都提供了经验丰富的肝外科医生的评论和决策。为了完成病例，还提供了与实际手术相关的其他材料（例如视频、报告）。应用程序的工作流程源自基于场景的设计过程，并基于教学设计模型。
LiverSurgeryTrainer 在几个步骤中进行了评估。形成性可用性评估确定了工作流程和用户界面缺陷，并在进一步的开发过程中得到解决。总结性评估表明，LiverSurgeryTrainer 在几乎所有分析方面都得到了改善。学习效果评估的初步结果表明，学习者体验到了学习效果。
我们的培训系统允许外科医生训练程序和交互技术，以便在计算机辅助肝脏介入规划中使用。评估结果表明该系统具有可接受性和易用性。
