Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Proteomics Clin Appl. 2013 Apr;7(3-4):264-72. doi: 10.1002/prca.201200031. Epub 2013 Mar 6.
Tissue-based proteomic approaches (tissue proteomics) are essential for discovering and evaluating biomarkers for personalized medicine. In any proteomics study, the most critical issue is sample extraction and preparation. This problem is especially difficult when recovering proteins from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections. However, improving and standardizing protein extraction from FFPE tissue is a critical need because of the millions of archival FFPE tissues available in tissue banks worldwide. Recent progress in the application of heat-induced antigen retrieval principles for protein extraction from FFPE tissue has resulted in a number of published FFPE tissue proteomics studies. However, there is currently no consensus on the optimal protocol for protein extraction from FFPE tissue or accepted standards for quantitative evaluation of the extracts. Standardization is critical to ensure the accurate evaluation of FFPE protein extracts by proteomic methods such as reverse phase protein arrays, which is now in clinical use. In our view, complete solubilization of FFPE tissue samples is the best way to achieve the goal of standardizing the recovery of proteins from FFPE tissues. However, further studies are recommended to develop standardized protein extraction methods to ensure quantitative and qualitative reproducibility in the recovery of proteins from FFPE tissues.
基于组织的蛋白质组学方法（组织蛋白质组学）对于发现和评估个性化医学的生物标志物至关重要。在任何蛋白质组学研究中，最关键的问题是样品的提取和准备。当从福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋（FFPE）组织切片中回收蛋白质时，这个问题尤其困难。然而，由于全球组织库中存在数以百万计的存档 FFPE 组织，因此改进和标准化从 FFPE 组织中提取蛋白质是当务之急。最近，应用热诱导抗原修复原理从 FFPE 组织中提取蛋白质的应用取得了一些进展，已经有一些关于 FFPE 组织蛋白质组学的研究发表。然而，目前对于从 FFPE 组织中提取蛋白质的最佳方案还没有共识，也没有接受的定量评估提取物的标准。标准化对于确保通过蛋白质组学方法（如反相蛋白阵列）准确评估 FFPE 蛋白质提取物至关重要，该方法现在已在临床应用中。在我们看来，完全溶解 FFPE 组织样品是标准化从 FFPE 组织中回收蛋白质的目标的最佳方法。然而，建议进一步研究以开发标准化蛋白质提取方法，以确保从 FFPE 组织中回收蛋白质的定量和定性重现性。
