Burks Charles S, Higbee Bradley S
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 496, USA.
Environ Entomol. 2013 Feb;42(1):143-9. doi: 10.1603/EN12249.
The sampling range of pheromone traps for the navel orangeworm Amyelois transitella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and its association with abundance was investigated by examining mutual interference within cross-shaped arrays of nine wing traps baited with virgin females and placed at 400-m intervals in three 256-ha blocks of almonds (Prunus dulcis [Miller] D. A. Webb), and three of pistachios (Pistacia vera L.). The proportions of males captured in the different positions were compared with the mean males for all traps, used as an index for abundance. For means between zero and 50 males per trap per week, the distribution was unequal between trap positions and the greatest proportion of males were captured in the northern-most trap (i.e., the within-row direction). Between 50 and 100 males per trap per week, most males were captured in the western-most traps and fewest in the center, and proportions were equal in other trap positions. Above 100 males per trap per week, the proportion of males captured was more nearly equal for all trap positions. These results demonstrate that the sampling range of pheromone traps for navel orangeworm is density dependent and, at low densities, is >400 m. They also indicate that abundance affects the impact of direction (orientation) of trap interference. At low density, female-strength pheromone traps sample males from beyond the block in which they are placed for orchard blocks of <50 ha.
通过在三个256公顷的杏仁园（扁桃[米勒] D. A. 韦伯）和三个阿月浑子园（阿月浑子L.）中，以400米的间距布置九个用处女雌虫诱捕的诱捕器组成的十字形阵列，研究了用于脐橙螟Amyelois transitella（沃克）（鳞翅目：螟蛾科）的性信息素诱捕器的采样范围及其与虫口密度的关系。将不同位置捕获的雄虫比例与所有诱捕器捕获的雄虫平均数进行比较，以此作为虫口密度的指标。对于每个诱捕器每周捕获0至50头雄虫的情况，诱捕器位置间的分布不均衡，捕获雄虫比例最高的是最北端的诱捕器（即行内方向）。对于每个诱捕器每周捕获50至100头雄虫的情况，大多数雄虫在最西边的诱捕器中捕获，在中间捕获的最少，其他诱捕器位置的比例相等。对于每个诱捕器每周捕获超过100头雄虫的情况，所有诱捕器位置捕获雄虫的比例更接近相等。这些结果表明，用于脐橙螟的性信息素诱捕器的采样范围取决于密度，在低密度时大于400米。它们还表明，虫口密度会影响诱捕器干扰方向（方位）的影响。在低密度时，雌虫性信息素诱捕器可从其所在果园地块以外的区域采集雄虫，对于面积小于50公顷的果园地块而言。
