Burks Charles S, Higbee Bradley S
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, 9611 S. Riverbend Ave., Parlier, CA 93648. Corresponding author, e-mail:
Paramount Farming Company, 6801 E. Lerdo Highway, Shafter, CA 93263.
J Econ Entomol. 2015 Apr;108(2):600-10. doi: 10.1093/jee/tou062. Epub 2015 Feb 2.
The navel orangeworm is an important pest of almonds, pistachios, and walnuts. A commercial pheromone lure for this pest became publicly available in 2013. We compared effectiveness of this synthetic lure (NOW Biolure) between common commercial trap designs, and with unmated females in wing traps. Orange wing traps and delta traps captured similar numbers of males when each was baited with females, although there was a significantly greater density of captured males on the smaller glue area of the delta traps. In contrast, lure-baited wing traps captured about half the males captured in female-baited wing traps in single-night tests. In these single-night tests, wing traps baited with NOW Biolure captured significantly more males than delta traps baited with NOW Biolure, and bucket traps and delta traps baited with NOW Biolure captured similar numbers of males. When the sampling interval was extended to a week, the performance of lure-baited and female-baited wing traps was more similar. Delta and bucket traps baited with NOW Biolure generally performed more poorly than wing traps baited with NOW Biolure in these weekly monitoring tests. However, the bucket traps occasionally outperformed the other trap types during periods of peak abundance. Navel orangeworm traps at a density of one per 4 ha detected differences in abundance between adjacent walnut varieties, whereas such differences were not detected with one trap per 20 ha. The implications of these findings for monitoring for navel orangeworm in these different host crops are discussed.
脐橙螟是杏仁、开心果和核桃的重要害虫。一种针对该害虫的商业性性诱剂于2013年开始公开销售。我们比较了这种合成诱剂（NOW生物诱剂）在常见商业诱捕器设计中的效果，以及与翅型诱捕器中未交配雌虫的效果。当用雌虫作为诱饵时，橙色翅型诱捕器和三角诱捕器捕获的雄虫数量相似，尽管在三角诱捕器较小的粘虫区域捕获的雄虫密度明显更高。相比之下，在单夜测试中，用诱剂诱饵的翅型诱捕器捕获的雄虫数量约为用雌虫诱饵的翅型诱捕器捕获数量的一半。在这些单夜测试中，用NOW生物诱剂诱饵的翅型诱捕器捕获的雄虫数量明显多于用NOW生物诱剂诱饵的三角诱捕器，用NOW生物诱剂诱饵的桶式诱捕器和三角诱捕器捕获的雄虫数量相似。当采样间隔延长至一周时，用诱剂诱饵和用雌虫诱饵的翅型诱捕器的性能更为相似。在这些每周监测测试中，用NOW生物诱剂诱饵的三角诱捕器和桶式诱捕器的表现通常比用NOW生物诱剂诱饵的翅型诱捕器差。然而，在虫口密度高峰期，桶式诱捕器偶尔比其他诱捕器类型表现更好。每4公顷设置一个密度的脐橙螟诱捕器能够检测到相邻核桃品种间虫口密度的差异，而每20公顷设置一个诱捕器则无法检测到这种差异。本文讨论了这些发现对监测不同寄主作物上脐橙螟的意义。
