Kent Shia T, Kabagambe Edmond K, Wadley Virginia G, Howard Virginia J, Crosson William L, Al-Hamdan Mohammad Z, Judd Suzanne E, Peace Fredrick, McClure Leslie A
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, USA,
Int J Biometeorol. 2014 Apr;58(3):361-70. doi: 10.1007/s00484-013-0631-5. Epub 2013 Jan 24.
Sunlight may be related to cognitive function through vitamin D metabolism or circadian rhythm regulation. The analysis presented here sought to test whether ground and satellite measures of solar radiation are associated with cognitive decline. The study used a 15-year residential history merged with satellite and ground monitor data to determine sunlight (solar radiation) and air temperature exposure for a cohort of 19,896 cognitively intact black and white participants aged 45+ from the 48 contiguous United States. Exposures of 15, 10, 5, 2, and 1-year were used to predict cognitive status at the most recent assessment in logistic regression models; 1-year insolation and maximum temperatures were chosen as exposure measures. Solar radiation interacted with temperature, age, and gender in its relationships with incident cognitive impairment. After adjustment for covariates, the odds ratio (OR) of cognitive decline for solar radiation exposure below the median vs above the median in the 3rd tertile of maximum temperatures was 1.88 (95 % CI: 1.24, 2.85), that in the 2nd tertile was 1.33 (95 % CI: 1.09, 1.62), and that in the 1st tertile was 1.22 (95 % CI: 0.92, 1.60). We also found that participants under 60 years old had an OR = 1.63 (95 % CI: 1.20, 2.22), those 60-80 years old had an OR = 1.18 (95 % CI: 1.02, 1.36), and those over 80 years old had an OR = 1.05 (0.80, 1.37). Lastly, we found that males had an OR = 1.43 (95 % CI: 1.22, 1.69), and females had an OR = 1.02 (0.87, 1.20). We found that lower levels of solar radiation were associated with increased odds of incident cognitive impairment.
阳光可能通过维生素D代谢或昼夜节律调节与认知功能相关。本文所呈现的分析旨在检验地面和卫星测量的太阳辐射是否与认知能力下降有关。该研究使用了15年的居住史，并结合卫星和地面监测数据，以确定来自美国48个相邻州的19896名45岁及以上认知功能正常的黑人和白人参与者的阳光照射（太阳辐射）和气温暴露情况。在逻辑回归模型中，使用15年、10年、5年、2年和1年的暴露情况来预测最近一次评估时的认知状态；选择1年的日照量和最高温度作为暴露指标。太阳辐射在与新发认知障碍的关系中，与温度、年龄和性别存在相互作用。在对协变量进行调整后，在最高温度的第三个三分位数中，太阳辐射暴露低于中位数与高于中位数相比，认知能力下降的比值比（OR）为1.88（95%置信区间：1.24，2.85），在第二个三分位数中为1.33（95%置信区间：1.09，1.62），在第一个三分位数中为1.22（95%置信区间：0.92，1.60）。我们还发现，60岁以下的参与者的OR = 1.63（95%置信区间：1.20，2.22），60 - 80岁的参与者的OR = 1.18（95%置信区间：1.02，1.36），80岁以上的参与者的OR = 1.05（0.80，1.37）。最后，我们发现男性的OR = 1.43（95%置信区间：1.22，1.69），女性的OR = 1.02（0.87，1.20）。我们发现较低水平的太阳辐射与新发认知障碍的几率增加有关。
