伊朗高海拔户外爱好者中的死亡案例：原因与机制
Fatalities Among Iranian High-altitude Outdoor Enthusiasts: Causes and Mechanisms.
作者信息
Kordi Ramin, Rostami Mohsen, Heidari Pedram, Ameli Sanaz, Foroughifard Lotfali, Kordi Mahboobeh
机构信息
Sports Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
Asian J Sports Med. 2012 Dec;3(4):285-90. doi: 10.5812/asjsm.34553.
PURPOSE
This study was performed to determine the possible causes and mechanisms of fatalities among Iranian mountaineers during climbing.
METHODS
By contacting several sources, deceased mountaineers were identified. Data about the causes and mechanism of death was retrospectively obtained using a standard questionnaire for each case.
RESULTS
A total of 29 deaths were identified from March 2006 to June 2010. Deceased subjects had a mean age of 39 years (SD: 12.8, Range: 20-67). Falling was the most common accident leading to death of outdoor enthusiasts (n = 14, 48%). Asphyxia (n = 6, 24%) was the most common cause of death among the subjects, followed by heart attack, internal bleeding, cerebral hemorrhage and hypothermia (17%, 17%, 17% and 10%, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that education of medical service providers of the climbing groups on facing victims in high altitude areas, where they have limited resources, can be particularly helpful. In addition, a national program to educate mountaineers might help to reduce fatalities.
目的
本研究旨在确定伊朗登山者在攀登过程中死亡的可能原因和机制。
方法
通过联系多个来源，确定了已故登山者。使用针对每个案例的标准问卷回顾性获取有关死亡原因和机制的数据。
结果
2006年3月至2010年6月期间共确定了29例死亡案例。已故受试者的平均年龄为39岁（标准差：12.8，范围：20 - 67岁）。坠落是导致户外爱好者死亡的最常见事故（n = 14，48%）。窒息（n = 6，24%）是受试者中最常见的死亡原因，其次是心脏病发作、内出血、脑出血和体温过低（分别为17%、17%、17%和10%）。
结论
我们的研究结果表明，对攀登团队的医疗服务提供者进行在资源有限的高海拔地区应对受害者方面的教育可能会特别有帮助。此外，一项针对登山者的国家教育计划可能有助于减少死亡人数。
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