Anderson Paul A, Petty Barbara D
School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
J Aquat Anim Health. 2013 Mar;25(1):42-52. doi: 10.1080/08997659.2012.743932.
Five wild-caught Lined Seahorses Hippocampus erectus from an aquarium system presented with altered buoyancy and distended upper trunks. Radiography of one specimen revealed a reduced air volume in the gas bladder. Pneumocystocentesis revealed a brown exudate of numerous leukocytes, parasite ova, and Gram- and acid-fast-positive bacilli under wet mounts and stains. Necropsies revealed enlarged, friable kidneys and distended gas bladders containing copious purulent exudate, necrotic tissue, and adult digeneans Dictysarca virens. Bacterial isolates from exudate cultures grown on Lowenstein-Jensen medium were identified as Gordonia sp. and Mycobacterium poriferae by high-performance liquid chromatography and 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing. Histopathology demonstrated a histiocytic response in kidney and gas bladder exudate, inflammation of the gas bladder wall, and infection of the gas bladder lumen with parasite ova and acid-fast-positive and Gomori's methenamine silver-positive bacilli. Praziquantel is prescribed for digenean infections but dissolves incompletely in seawater and is toxic to this host. Eradication of intermediate host vectors is a management option. Treatment of Gordonia infection has not been addressed in nonhuman animals, and there is no known effective treatment for Mycobacterium spp. infection in fishes. This is the first case report of digenean infection of the gas bladder in a syngnathid, Gordonia sp. infection in a nonhuman animal, and M. poriferae infection in a fish.
来自一个水族系统的5只野生捕获的直立海马（Hippocampus erectus）出现了浮力改变和上躯干膨胀的症状。对其中一只标本进行的放射成像显示鱼鳔中的空气量减少。气囊穿刺术显示，在湿涂片和染色下，有大量白细胞、寄生虫卵以及革兰氏阳性和抗酸阳性杆菌的褐色渗出物。尸检显示肾脏肿大、易碎，鱼鳔膨胀，含有大量脓性渗出物、坏死组织以及成年复殖吸虫Dictysarca virens。在罗-琴培养基上培养的渗出物培养物中分离出的细菌，通过高效液相色谱法和16S核糖体DNA测序鉴定为戈登氏菌属（Gordonia sp.）和多孔分枝杆菌（Mycobacterium poriferae）。组织病理学显示肾脏和鱼鳔渗出物中有组织细胞反应，鱼鳔壁有炎症，鱼鳔腔内有寄生虫卵以及抗酸阳性和戈莫里六胺银阳性杆菌感染。吡喹酮被用于治疗复殖吸虫感染，但在海水中溶解不完全且对该宿主有毒。根除中间宿主媒介是一种管理选择。在非人类动物中尚未涉及戈登氏菌感染的治疗，并且对于鱼类中的分枝杆菌属感染尚无已知的有效治疗方法。这是关于海龙科动物鱼鳔复殖吸虫感染、非人类动物戈登氏菌属感染以及鱼类多孔分枝杆菌感染的首例病例报告。
