Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Feb;121(2 Pt 1):392-404. doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000426425.33845.b2.
Female and male sterilization are both safe and effective methods of permanent contraception used by more than 220 million couples worldwide . Approximately 600,000 tubal occlusions and 200,000 vasectomies are performed in the United States annually . For women seeking permanent contraception, sterilization obviates the need for user-dependent contraception throughout their reproductive years and provides an excellent alternative for those with medical contraindications to reversible methods. The purpose of this document is to review the evidence for the safety and effectiveness of female sterilization in comparison with male sterilization and other forms of contraception.
女性和男性绝育都是安全有效的永久避孕方法，全球有超过 2.2 亿对夫妇使用。 美国每年大约进行 60 万例输卵管结扎术和 20 万例输精管切除术。对于寻求永久避孕的女性来说，绝育术避免了在整个生育期依赖使用者的避孕方法，并且为那些有医学禁忌使用可逆方法的人提供了极好的替代方法。 本文件的目的是回顾女性绝育术与男性绝育术和其他避孕方法相比的安全性和有效性证据。
