Giant pulmonary artery aneurysm: 12 years of follow-up. case report and review of the literature.

Pulmonary artery aneurysm (PAA) is defined as pulmonary artery diameter of greater than 4 cm. PAA is not frequently encountered in clinical practice. There is a rare report in giant low-pressure PAA in terms of long-term follow-up. Herein, we sought to report a case of idiopathic PAA that was followed for 12 years in view of its learning points and to review the current literature for PAA. Herein we observed learning points according to long-term follow-up of PAA case as follows. PAA progressed dramatically after reaching a diameter greater than 6 cm and resulted in 7.87 cm in 2 years according to our case observation. Pericardial effusion may develop after a dramatic increase of PAA diameter. The reason for pericardial effusion is not always dissection or rupture; the presence of pericardial effusion possibly stemmed from the impairment of lymphatic drainage because of pressure effect on lymphatic circulation. Progressive increase of dilatation may lead to cough, as in our case.