Giebułtowicz J, Wroczyński P, Samolczyk-Wanyura D
Department of Bioanalysis and Drugs Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Oral Dis. 2013 Nov;19(8):763-6. doi: 10.1111/odi.12064. Epub 2013 Jan 25.
Salivary ALDH3A1 protects the oral cavity from aromatic and medium-chain aliphatic aldehydes originating from food and air pollution and generated during oxidative stress. Due to their reactivity, aldehydes may exhibit an irritating effect as well as cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic and even carcinogenic effects. The aim of this study was to verify whether lower ALDH3A1 activity is a risk factor for oral cavity cancer.
Fasting saliva samples were collected one day before and about one week after surgery from patients with oral cancer (OCC) (n = 59), other tumours (cysts, neoplasms) (n = 108), gnathic defects and fractures (controls after the surgery) (n = 63), and from healthy volunteers (n = 116). Enzyme activity was measured using a fluorometric method.
Total ALDH3A1 activity [U g(-1) ] in patients with OCC was statistically lower than in patients with keratocystic odontogenic tumour (KCOT) (P = 0.00697), odontogenic cysts (OC) (P < 0.00001), neoplasms (P = 0.03343) and the healthy volunteers up to and over 40 years old (P < 0.00001; P = 0.00019). The activity in the saliva of OCC after surgery was lower than in the healthy volunteers (P < 0.00001) and in the groups with fractures (P = 0.00303) and gnathic defects (P = 0.00538).
Low salivary ALDH activity may be a risk factor for oral cancer development.
唾液醛脱氢酶3A1（ALDH3A1）可保护口腔免受源自食物和空气污染以及氧化应激过程中产生的芳香族和中链脂肪族醛类物质的侵害。由于醛类物质具有反应活性，它们可能会产生刺激作用以及细胞毒性、遗传毒性、致突变性甚至致癌作用。本研究的目的是验证较低的ALDH3A1活性是否为口腔癌的危险因素。
从口腔癌患者（OCC）（n = 59）、其他肿瘤（囊肿、肿瘤）（n = 108）、颌骨缺损和骨折患者（术后对照组）（n = 63）以及健康志愿者（n = 116）中，在手术前一天和手术后约一周采集空腹唾液样本。使用荧光法测量酶活性。
OCC患者的总ALDH3A1活性[U g(-1)]在统计学上低于牙源性角化囊性瘤（KCOT）患者（P = 0.00697）、牙源性囊肿（OC）患者（P < 0.00001）、肿瘤患者（P = 0.03343）以及40岁及以上的健康志愿者（P < 0.00001；P = 0.00019）。OCC患者术后唾液中的活性低于健康志愿者（P < 0.00001）以及骨折组（P = 0.00303）和颌骨缺损组（P = 0.00538）。
唾液ALDH活性低可能是口腔癌发生的危险因素。
