Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States.
Soc Sci Res. 2013 Mar;42(2):255-70. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2012.09.012. Epub 2012 Oct 16.
This article examines changes in workers' work values for the period 1973-2006 using General Social Survey data. We assess the relative importance that workers assign to high income, as opposed to security, advancement, short hours and "importance and sense of accomplishment." The latter ranked highest throughout this period, but the relative priority placed on income and job security generally increased. We suggest that the rising relative rankings of earnings and job security reflect growing job, employability, and economic insecurity that workers generally experienced during this period, making these job characteristics generally more difficult to attain. Groups most vulnerable to job, employability, and economic insecurity-such as less educated workers and blacks-were most apt to place high importance on income and security. Differences in rankings between men and women, blacks and nonblacks, and college and high school graduates remained fairly stable over this period.
本文利用“综合社会调查”数据，考察了 1973 年至 2006 年间工人工作价值观的变化。我们评估了工人对高收入相对于安全、晋升、短工时和“重要性和成就感”的重视程度。在整个期间，后者排名最高，但对收入和工作保障的相对重视程度普遍提高。我们认为，收入和工作保障的相对排名上升反映了工人在这一时期普遍经历的工作、就业能力和经济不安全感的增加，使得这些工作特征通常更难实现。最容易受到工作、就业能力和经济不安全感影响的群体——如受教育程度较低的工人和黑人——最有可能高度重视收入和安全。在此期间，男性和女性、黑人和非黑人以及大学和高中毕业生之间的排名差异相对稳定。
