Mansourian A R
Biochemistry and Metabolic Disorder Research Center, Gorgan Medical School, Gorgan, Iran.
Pak J Biol Sci. 2010 Sep 15;13(18):866-76. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2010.866.876.
Hypothyroidism, is a thyroid disorder accompanied by serum thyroid hormone reduction when thyroxin T4, the main thyroid hormone, reduced, it is followed by disruption of a negative-feed back auto regulatory mechanism on pituitary gland and subsequent thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) which is released into the blood circulation to stimulate the thyroid gland to produce enough thyroid hormone to compensate for the body hormone requirements. Therefore, reduced serum thyroxin(T4) in principle, triidothyronine (T3) and elevated TSH are laboratory indices for the diagnosis of hypothyroidism. At early stage of hypothyroidism although laboratory measurements of thyroid function test are manifest the thyroid disorder but the patient clinical signs and symptoms may remain unnoticed. If the patient undiagnosed and untreated the condition of hypothyroidism worsen and the clinical manifestation begin to show itself and myxedema is a definition given to the whole picture of untreated hypothyroidism at very end stage the patients enter into myxedema comma with eventual death due to the sever symptoms of hypothyroidism. Among important causative factors leading to catastrophic events in myxedema is life threatening hypothermia, heart and cerebral dysfunctions.
甲状腺功能减退症是一种甲状腺疾病，伴有血清甲状腺激素减少。当主要的甲状腺激素甲状腺素T4减少时，会导致垂体负反馈自动调节机制紊乱，随后促甲状腺激素（TSH）释放到血液循环中，刺激甲状腺产生足够的甲状腺激素以满足身体对激素的需求。因此，血清甲状腺素（T4）原则上还有三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）降低以及TSH升高是诊断甲状腺功能减退症的实验室指标。在甲状腺功能减退症的早期，尽管甲状腺功能测试的实验室测量结果显示出甲状腺疾病，但患者的临床体征和症状可能仍未被注意到。如果患者未被诊断和治疗，甲状腺功能减退症的病情会恶化，临床表现开始显现，黏液性水肿是指未经治疗的甲状腺功能减退症在末期的整体状况，患者会进入黏液性水肿昏迷，最终因甲状腺功能减退症的严重症状而死亡。导致黏液性水肿灾难性事件的重要致病因素包括危及生命的体温过低、心脏和大脑功能障碍。
