University of Ottawa, Institute of Mental Health Research, 1145 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1Z 7K4.
Psychiatry Res. 2013 Jan 30;211(1):47-56. doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2012.10.005.
Intact episodic memory requires the ability to make associations between the contextual features of an event, referred to as contextual binding. Binding processes combine different contextual elements into a complete memory representation. It has been proposed that binding errors during the encoding process are responsible for the episodic memory impairments reported in schizophrenia. Since the hippocampus is critical for contextual binding and episodic memory, it was hypothesized that patients with schizophrenia would show a deficit in information processing in the hippocampus, measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In the current experiment, 21 patients with schizophrenia and 22 healthy control participants were scanned while being tested on navigating in a virtual town (i.e. find the grocery store from the school), a task that was shown to be critically dependent on the hippocampus. Between-group comparisons revealed significantly less activation among patients relative to controls in the left middle frontal gyrus, and right and left hippocampi. We propose that the context and the content are not appropriately linked, therefore affecting the formation of a cognitive map representation in the patient group and eliciting a contextual binding deficit.
完整的情景记忆需要能够将事件的上下文特征（称为情景绑定）联系起来的能力。绑定过程将不同的上下文元素组合成一个完整的记忆表示。有人提出，在编码过程中出现的绑定错误是精神分裂症患者报告的情景记忆损伤的原因。由于海马体对于情景绑定和情景记忆至关重要，因此假设精神分裂症患者在使用功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 进行测量时，其海马体的信息处理会出现缺陷。在当前的实验中，对 21 名精神分裂症患者和 22 名健康对照参与者进行了扫描，同时对他们进行了在虚拟小镇中导航（即从学校找到杂货店）的测试，该任务被证明严重依赖于海马体。组间比较显示，患者组的左侧额中回、右侧和左侧海马体的激活明显低于对照组。我们提出，上下文和内容没有被适当地联系起来，因此影响了患者组认知地图表示的形成，并引发了情景绑定缺陷。
