Hackert T, Schneider L, Büchler M W
Klinik für Allgemeine, Viszerale und Transplantationschirurgie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
Chirurg. 2013 Feb;84(2):112-6. doi: 10.1007/s00104-012-2375-x.
The major aims of surgical therapy in chronic pancreatitis (CP) are pain relief and good long-term quality of life with preservation of endocrine and exocrine organ function. The surgical approach is therefore focused on drainage of the congested pancreatic (and bile) duct as well as resection of fibrotic and calcified tissue. Draining procedures alone are adequate for drainage of pseudocysts (cystojejunostomy) and the pancreatic duct (Partington) if no inflammatory tumor is present in the organ. Most CP patients present with unclear head mass and subsequent duct dilation. In these patients the different modifications of duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resections (e.g. Beger, Bern) offer a preferable option. Partial duodenopancreatectomy is an alternative but may be difficult to perform due to inflammatory changes around the portal vein and venous collaterals. Segmental resection and V-shaped excision may be appropriate in special situations (segmental fibrosis, small duct disease) and are performed less frequently (approximately 5 %) in the entire surgical CP population. In cases of suspected CP-related malignancy, formal resections (partial, distal or total pancreaticoduodenectomy) must be the surgical procedures of choice and be performed according to oncological principles.
慢性胰腺炎(CP)外科治疗的主要目标是缓解疼痛,并在保留内分泌和外分泌器官功能的情况下实现良好的长期生活质量。因此,手术方法着重于疏通充血的胰管(和胆管)以及切除纤维化和钙化组织。如果器官中不存在炎性肿瘤,单独的引流手术足以引流假性囊肿(囊肿空肠吻合术)和胰管(帕廷顿手术)。大多数CP患者表现为胰头肿块不明且随后出现导管扩张。在这些患者中,保留十二指肠的胰头切除术的不同术式(如贝格尔术式、伯尔尼术式)提供了更好的选择。十二指肠胰腺部分切除术是一种替代方案,但由于门静脉周围的炎症变化和静脉侧支循环,可能难以实施。节段性切除术和V形切除术在特殊情况下(节段性纤维化、小导管疾病)可能适用,在整个CP手术人群中实施频率较低(约5%)。在怀疑与CP相关的恶性肿瘤的情况下,正规切除术(部分、远端或全胰十二指肠切除术)必须是首选的手术方式,并应按照肿瘤学原则进行。