Mansell Jim, Beadle-Brown Julie, Bigby Christine
Tizard Centre, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.
J Intellect Dev Disabil. 2013 Mar;38(1):48-58. doi: 10.3109/13668250.2012.753996. Epub 2013 Jan 28.
Active support is an effective intervention to support engagement of residents with intellectual disability in group homes. This survey explored resident characteristics of the people supported by organisations implementing active support, the provision of active support, its procedures and systems, and resident engagement in meaningful activity and relationships.
Information was collected through questionnaires and direct observation of 33 group homes from 6 organisations in Victoria, Australia, with a 5-10-year history of implementing active support.
Residents with lower support needs were engaged with little staff contact or assistance. Use of active support systems and structures was mixed. Only one organisation consistently provided good active support.
Administrative systems and structures are not sufficient to change staff interaction and thus resident experience. Shared supported accommodation services may represent an inefficient use of resources for more able residents, as staff resources are not maximised to support for resident engagement.
积极支持是一种有效的干预措施，可帮助智力残疾居民融入集体之家。本次调查探讨了实施积极支持的机构所支持人员的居民特征、积极支持的提供情况、其程序和系统，以及居民参与有意义活动和建立关系的情况。
通过问卷调查和对澳大利亚维多利亚州6个机构的33个集体之家进行直接观察来收集信息，这些机构有5至10年实施积极支持的历史。
支持需求较低的居民在很少有工作人员接触或协助的情况下参与活动。积极支持系统和结构的使用情况不一。只有一个机构始终如一地提供良好的积极支持。
行政系统和结构不足以改变工作人员的互动方式，从而改变居民的体验。对于能力较强的居民来说，共享支持性住宿服务可能是资源的低效利用，因为工作人员资源没有得到最大限度的利用来支持居民参与。
