Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control. 2013 Feb;60(2):343-55. doi: 10.1109/TUFFC.2013.2570.
Airborne ultrasonic ranging is used in a variety of different engineering applications for which other positional metrology techniques cannot be used, for example in closed-cell locations, when optical line of sight is limited, and when multipath effects preclude electromagnetic-based wireless systems. Although subject to fundamental physical limitations, e.g., because of the temperature dependence of acoustic velocity in air, these acoustic techniques often provide a cost-effective solution for applications in mobile robotics, structural inspection, and biomedical imaging. In this article, the different techniques and limitations of a range of airborne ultrasonic ranging approaches are reviewed, with an emphasis on the accuracy and repeatability of the measurements. Simple time-domain approaches are compared with their frequency-domain equivalents, and the use of hybrid models and biologically inspired approaches are discussed.
航空超声测距在各种不同的工程应用中被使用，对于这些应用，其他位置测量技术无法使用，例如在封闭的空间中，当光学视线有限，并且多径效应排除了基于电磁的无线系统时。尽管受到基本物理限制的影响，例如，由于空气中声速随温度的变化，这些声学技术通常为移动机器人、结构检测和生物医学成像等应用提供了具有成本效益的解决方案。在本文中，回顾了各种航空超声测距方法的不同技术和限制，重点是测量的准确性和可重复性。简单的时域方法与频域等效方法进行了比较，并讨论了混合模型和受生物启发的方法的使用。
