Ghent University, Belgium.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2013 Aug;20(4):631-42. doi: 10.3758/s13423-013-0386-3.
Learning has been defined functionally as changes in behavior that result from experience or mechanistically as changes in the organism that result from experience. Both types of definitions are problematic. We define learning as ontogenetic adaptation-that is, as changes in the behavior of an organism that result from regularities in the environment of the organism. This functional definition not only solves the problems of other definitions, but also has important advantages for cognitive learning research.
学习在功能上被定义为行为的变化，这些变化是由经验引起的；在机制上被定义为生物体的变化，这些变化是由经验引起的。这两种类型的定义都存在问题。我们将学习定义为个体发生适应，即生物体行为的变化是由生物体环境中的规律引起的。这个功能定义不仅解决了其他定义的问题，而且对认知学习研究也有重要的优势。
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