Schiet F T, Cain W S
John B Pierce Foundation Laboratory, New Haven, CT 06519.
Perception. 1990;19(1):123-32. doi: 10.1068/p190123.
Subjects judged the odor intensity of single odorants and binary mixtures of fixed or varying proportions presented in the atmosphere of an environmental chamber. The subjects were exposed to the vapors either continuously (15 min) or periodically (once a minute for 15 min). As found previously, the mixtures smelled less intense than predicted from the simple sum of their unmixed components. The degree of hypoadditivity proved about the same for the four pairs of odorants studied, but varied from periodic to continuous exposure. Periodic exposure led to a greater departure from simple additivity and confirmed the presence of the phenomenon of compromise whereby the mixture can smell less intense than its stronger component alone. Continuous exposure led to a closer approximation to simple additivity and exhibited no compromise. Nevertheless, the behavior seen under continuous exposure apparently derived from a tendency for mixtures to exhibit less adaptation than their components. Whereas mixtures may seem to lack potency relative to their unmixed components, they may in fact compensate for any deficiency in momentary intensity through an increase in durability.
受试者对环境舱空气中呈现的单一气味剂以及固定比例或不同比例的二元混合物的气味强度进行了判断。受试者持续（15分钟）或定期（每分钟一次，共15分钟）接触这些蒸汽。如先前发现的那样，混合物的气味强度比其未混合成分的简单总和所预测的要低。对于所研究的四对气味剂，低加和性的程度大致相同，但从定期接触到持续接触会有所变化。定期接触导致与简单加和性的偏差更大，并证实了折衷现象的存在，即混合物的气味强度可能比其较强的单一成分还要低。持续接触导致更接近简单加和性，且未表现出折衷现象。然而，持续接触下观察到的行为显然源于混合物比其成分表现出更少适应性的趋势。虽然混合物相对于其未混合成分可能似乎缺乏效力，但它们实际上可能通过增加持久性来弥补瞬间强度的任何不足。
