Forrester Mathias B
Epidemiology and Disease Surveillance Unit, Texas Department of State Health Services, 1100 W 49th St, Austin, TX 78756, USA.
Pediatr Emerg Care. 2013 Feb;29(2):151-5. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0b013e3182808ae2.
This study describes the pattern of adolescent synthetic cathinone exposures reported to a large, statewide poison center system.
Synthetic cathinone exposures among patients younger than 20 years reported to Texas poison centers during 2010 to 2011 were identified. The distribution of exposures by various demographic and clinical factors was determined.
For 51 adolescent exposures, the mean age was 17.5 years (range, 12-19 years). The exposure was by inhalation in 66.7% of the cases and 60.8% involved male patients. The exposure site was the patient's own or another residence in 58.8% of the cases. The patient was already at or en route to a health care facility in 76.5% of the cases, and the medical outcome was known or suspected to be serious in 74.5%. The most frequently reported adverse clinical effects were agitation/irritability (43.1%), tachycardia (37.3%), drowsiness/lethargy (13.7%), hallucinations (9.8%), fever (9.8%), vomiting (9.8%), and hypertension (7.8%).
Adolescent synthetic cathinone exposures reported to Texas poison centers were more likely to have occurred by inhalation. The adolescents were more likely to be male. The exposures more often occurred at the patient's own residence and were managed at a health care facility with a serious outcome. This pattern of exposures was similar to that observed among adults.
本研究描述了向一个大型全州范围中毒控制中心系统报告的青少年合成卡西酮暴露情况。
确定2010年至2011年期间向德克萨斯州中毒控制中心报告的20岁以下患者的合成卡西酮暴露情况。确定了不同人口统计学和临床因素的暴露分布。
在51例青少年暴露病例中，平均年龄为17.5岁（范围为12 - 19岁）。66.7%的病例通过吸入暴露，60.8%涉及男性患者。58.8%的病例暴露地点是患者自己或他人的住所。76.5%的病例中患者已在或正在前往医疗机构的途中，74.5%的病例医疗结果已知或怀疑为严重。最常报告的不良临床效应是激动/易怒（43.1%）、心动过速（37.3%）、嗜睡/昏睡（13.7%）、幻觉（9.8%）、发热（9.8%）、呕吐（9.8%）和高血压（7.8%）。
向德克萨斯州中毒控制中心报告的青少年合成卡西酮暴露更有可能是通过吸入发生的。青少年更有可能是男性。暴露更常发生在患者自己的住所，并在医疗机构进行处理，结果严重。这种暴露模式与在成年人中观察到的相似。
