Sidor Anna, Eickhorst Andreas, Stasch Michael, Cierpka Manfred
Institut für Psychosomatische Kooperationsforschung und Familientherapie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg.
Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr. 2012;61(10):766-80. doi: 10.13109/prkk.2012.61.10.766.
The aim of the study presented is to introduce the newly developed instrument to assess stress, the Heidelberg Stress Scale (Heidelberger Belastungsskala--HBS), and to examine its psychometric characteristics. The HBS was developed for a low-threshold and multi-professional assessment of a family's stresses and resources after the birth of a child. The HBS can be used in the outreach work of family midwives, for instance, as well as in research. The validity of the HBS was tested in a sample of 284 psychosocially stressed families after the birth of their child; the inter-rater reliability was tested in a sample of 41 families that were also in stress. The HBS exhibits an excellent inter-rater reliability within a homogeneous professional group (psychology students). As relates to the construct validity, a strong positive connection between the HBS and Kindler's screening sheet was found; the HBS exhibits a negative correlation with maternal sensitivity and a positive correlation with maternal stress level. With a high level of stress in the HBS, the risk of taking the child into care is increased by 4.5 times; the sensitivity amounts to 63.6%. The quality criteria are satisfactory.
本研究的目的是介绍新开发的用于评估压力的工具——海德堡压力量表（Heidelberger Belastungsskala--HBS），并检验其心理测量学特征。HBS是为低门槛、多专业评估孩子出生后家庭的压力和资源而开发的。例如，HBS可用于家庭助产士的外联工作以及研究中。在284个孩子出生后遭受心理社会压力的家庭样本中测试了HBS的有效性；在41个同样处于压力中的家庭样本中测试了评分者间信度。HBS在同质专业群体（心理学专业学生）中表现出出色的评分者间信度。关于结构效度，发现HBS与金德勒筛查表之间存在强正相关；HBS与母亲敏感性呈负相关，与母亲压力水平呈正相关。HBS压力水平高时，孩子被送入托管的风险增加4.5倍；敏感性为63.6%。质量标准令人满意。
