Marlow N, Weindling A M, Van Peer A, Heykants J
Department of Child Health, Liverpool Maternity Hospital.
Arch Dis Child. 1990 Apr;65(4 Spec No):349-51. doi: 10.1136/adc.65.4_spec_no.349.
The pharmacokinetics of alfentanil were studied during the first four days after birth in 22 ventilated preterm infants who were all receiving muscle relaxants. Five minutes after a single dose of 20 micrograms/kg alfentanil median serum concentration was 66 ng/ml (range: 20-606). The median clearance was 0.87 ml/kg/min (range: 0.4-9.62) and median elimination half life 321 mins (64-1251). There were wide differences in the manner in which individual infants handled the drug and transient depression of blood pressure and heart rate was observed. These data were used to calculate an infusion dosage. In four infants 20 micrograms/kg alfentanil given by infusion over 30 minutes followed by 5 micrograms/kg/hour produced steady state median alfentanil concentrations of 54.5 ng/ml (range: 7-73 ng/ml) with no evidence of drug accumulation.
对22名接受肌肉松弛剂治疗的机械通气早产儿出生后头四天的阿芬太尼药代动力学进行了研究。单次给予20微克/千克阿芬太尼后五分钟，血清中位浓度为66纳克/毫升（范围：20 - 606）。中位清除率为0.87毫升/千克/分钟（范围：0.4 - 9.62），中位消除半衰期为321分钟（64 - 1251）。各婴儿处理该药物的方式存在很大差异，并且观察到血压和心率出现短暂下降。这些数据用于计算输注剂量。在4名婴儿中，以30分钟输注20微克/千克阿芬太尼，随后以5微克/千克/小时的速度输注，产生的阿芬太尼稳态中位浓度为54.5纳克/毫升（范围：7 - 73纳克/毫升），且无药物蓄积迹象。
