Tolleson Christopher M, Fang John Y
Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Discov Med. 2013 Jan;15(80):61-6.
Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. Despite fairly typical clinical and pathologic features, the etiology remains unknown. Many cellular mechanisms such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, lysosomal dysfunction, neuroinflammatory changes, and the formation of pathologic inclusions have been proposed as potential causes. Potential links between environmental and genetic changes appear to predispose individuals to develop Parkinson's disease. Considering these observations, albeit with different levels of evidence, it is becoming more probable that Parkinson's disease is a heterogeneous disorder or a syndrome that arises from the contribution of many different factors.
帕金森病是第二常见的神经退行性疾病。尽管有相当典型的临床和病理特征，但其病因仍然不明。许多细胞机制，如氧化应激、线粒体功能障碍、溶酶体功能障碍、神经炎症变化以及病理性包涵体的形成，都被认为是潜在病因。环境和基因变化之间的潜在联系似乎使个体易患帕金森病。考虑到这些观察结果，尽管证据水平不同，但帕金森病越来越有可能是一种异质性疾病或由许多不同因素共同作用引起的综合征。
