Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2013 Mar 1;432(1):105-10. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.01.078. Epub 2013 Jan 29.
Much recent work has highlighted the key role of adipose tissue as an endocrine organ that secretes a number of adipocytokines, linking adiposity, especially intra-abdominal visceral fat, and the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. However, the role of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), another important visceral fat depot situated in close proximity to epicardial coronary arteries and myocardium, has been less well studied. In this study, we sought to characterize EAT by comparing gene expression profiles of EAT, omental adipose tissue (OAT), and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) in patients who underwent elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery for critical coronary artery disease (CAD) and identify molecules involved in inflammation. A total of 15,304 probes were detected in all depots, and 231 probes were differentially expressed. Significantly higher expression of pro-inflammatory genes such as interleukin-1β, -6, and -8, and chemokine receptor 2 was observed in EAT, even when compared with OAT. Among them, serglycin was one of the most abundantly expressed genes in EAT. Serglycin expression was induced during adipocytic differentiation of 3T3L1 cells. Serglycin was secreted from adipocytes, and tumor necrosis factor-α stimulated its expression and secretion in adipocytes. Serglycin was also present in human serum samples. These results suggest that human EAT has strong inflammatory properties in patients with CAD and provide novel evidence that serglycin is an adipocytokine highly expressed in EAT.
大量最近的研究强调了脂肪组织作为内分泌器官的关键作用，它分泌多种脂肪细胞因子，将肥胖，特别是内脏脂肪，与心血管和代谢疾病的发病机制联系起来。然而，心包脂肪组织（EAT）的作用，另一种位于心外膜冠状动脉和心肌附近的重要内脏脂肪库，研究得较少。在这项研究中，我们试图通过比较接受择期冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗严重冠状动脉疾病（CAD）的患者的心包脂肪组织（EAT）、网膜脂肪组织（OAT）和皮下脂肪组织（SCAT）的基因表达谱来描述 EAT，并确定参与炎症的分子。所有脂肪组织中检测到 15304 个探针，其中 231 个探针差异表达。与 OAT 相比，EAT 中观察到促炎基因如白细胞介素-1β、-6 和-8 以及趋化因子受体 2 的表达明显更高。其中，神经鞘糖蛋白是 EAT 中表达最丰富的基因之一。3T3L1 细胞的脂肪细胞分化过程中诱导了神经鞘糖蛋白的表达。神经鞘糖蛋白从脂肪细胞中分泌出来，肿瘤坏死因子-α刺激其在脂肪细胞中的表达和分泌。神经鞘糖蛋白也存在于人血清样本中。这些结果表明，CAD 患者的人 EAT 具有强烈的炎症特性，并提供了新的证据表明神经鞘糖蛋白是 EAT 中高度表达的脂肪细胞因子。
