Swine Science & Technology Center, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, Korea.
Anim Sci J. 2013 Feb;84(2):113-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2012.01045.x. Epub 2012 Aug 5.
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of bamboo charcoal and bamboo vinegar as alternatives of antibiotics in the diet of fattening pigs and their influence on growth performance, immune responses and fecal microflora populations. Crossed pigs (n = 144, 79 kg body weight) were divided into 12 heads per pen, four diets and three replications. The basal diet (negative control: NC) was supplemented with 0.3% antibiotics (positive control: PC), 0.3% bamboo charcoal (BC) and 0.3% bamboo vinegar (BV). Average daily weight gain and feed efficiency were higher (P < 0.05) in PC, BC and BV. The concentration of lactate dehydrogenase and cortisol were lower (P < 0.05), but the concentration of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA were higher (P < 0.05) in PC, BC and BV. Counts of coliform bacteria and Salmonella spp. were lower (P < 0.05), while the counts of fecal anaerobic total bacteria and lactic acid bacteria were higher (P < 0.05) in PC, BC and BV. A reasonable inclusion of bamboo charcoal or bamboo vinegar as antibiotics in the diet of fattening pigs leads to a better growth performance, immune responses and fecal microflora populations. The results of the present study suggest that bamboo charcoal or bamboo vinegar could be a potential additives in animal production as an alternative to antibiotics.
本研究旨在探讨竹炭和竹醋液作为抗生素替代品在育肥猪饲料中的应用及其对生长性能、免疫反应和粪便微生物种群的影响。选用体重为 79kg 的杂交猪（n=144），每栏 12 头，分为 4 种日粮和 3 个重复。基础日粮（阴性对照：NC）添加 0.3%抗生素（阳性对照：PC）、0.3%竹炭（BC）和 0.3%竹醋液（BV）。PC、BC 和 BV 组的平均日增重和饲料效率均较高（P<0.05）。PC、BC 和 BV 组的乳酸脱氢酶和皮质醇浓度较低（P<0.05），但 IgG 和 IgA 浓度较高（P<0.05）。PC、BC 和 BV 组的大肠菌群和沙门氏菌计数较低（P<0.05），而粪便厌氧总细菌和乳酸菌计数较高（P<0.05）。合理添加竹炭或竹醋液作为抗生素替代品可提高育肥猪的生长性能、免疫反应和粪便微生物种群。本研究结果表明，竹炭或竹醋液可作为抗生素在动物生产中的潜在替代品。
