Wood Pamela J
School of Nursing & Midwifery, Monash University, Gippsland Campus, Victoria, Australia.
Home Healthc Nurse. 2013 Feb;31(2):E1-7. doi: 10.1097/NHH.0b013e31827f443f.
In New Zealand, the state registration of nurses was instituted in 1901. This was a marker that nursing had achieved professional status. Although many registered nurses (RNs) worked in private practice or as district nurses in people's homes, lay home nurses had an essential role in caring for the sick. This article reports a comparative analysis of information available to lay home nurses in domestic health guides with information for RNs in professional nursing textbooks, for the period 1900-1935. It shows that despite RNs' professional status, domestic health guides gave more detailed information than nursing textbooks on many subjects until the end of the research time period. The boundary between registered and lay home nurses' knowledge and practice was therefore blurred. Exploring this indistinct boundary challenges understandings about the clear division between professional and lay knowledge and practice. This has particular relevance in a time when health systems increasingly depend on care provided in the home by family members. Home nursing has always been a crucial component in any system for the care of the sick. Historically, caring for people at the end of life or those with chronic and acute illnesses depended largely on the commitment of untrained women, nursing their own family members at home and supporting neighbors to care for the ill in other households.
在新西兰，护士的国家注册制度于1901年开始实施。这标志着护理工作已获得专业地位。尽管许多注册护士（RN）在私人诊所工作或作为社区护士上门服务，但非专业家庭护士在照顾病人方面也发挥着重要作用。本文报告了对1900年至1935年期间家庭健康指南中提供给非专业家庭护士的信息与专业护理教科书中提供给注册护士的信息进行的比较分析。结果表明，尽管注册护士具有专业地位，但在研究时间段结束前，家庭健康指南在许多主题上提供的信息比护理教科书更详细。因此，注册护士和非专业家庭护士的知识与实践之间的界限是模糊的。探索这一模糊界限对理解专业知识与非专业知识及实践之间的明确划分提出了挑战。在卫生系统越来越依赖家庭成员在家中提供护理的时代，这一点尤为重要。家庭护理一直是任何疾病护理体系的关键组成部分。从历史上看，照顾临终患者或患有慢性和急性疾病的人在很大程度上依赖于未受过训练的女性的奉献，她们在家中照顾自己的家庭成员，并支持邻居照顾其他家庭中的病人。
