Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece.
Biomark Med. 2013 Feb;7(1):49-58. doi: 10.2217/bmm.12.111.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and the 5-year survival rate is still very poor due to the scarcity of effective tools for early detection. The discovery of highly sensitive and specific biomarkers highlighting pathological changes early enough to allow clinical intervention is therefore of great importance. In the last decade, epigenetics and particularly research on DNA methylation have provided important information towards a better understanding of lung cancer pathogenesis. Novel and promising molecular biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer are continuously emerging in this area, requiring further evaluation. This process includes extensive validation in prospective clinical trials before they can be routinely used in a clinical setting. This review summarizes the evidence on epigenetic biomarkers for lung cancer, focusing on DNA methylation.
肺癌是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因，由于缺乏有效的早期检测工具，其 5 年生存率仍然很差。因此，发现高度敏感和特异性的生物标志物，以便尽早发现病理变化，从而进行临床干预，这一点非常重要。在过去的十年中，表观遗传学，特别是 DNA 甲基化的研究，为更好地理解肺癌的发病机制提供了重要信息。在这一领域，不断涌现出用于诊断和预后肺癌的新型有前途的分子生物标志物，需要进一步评估。这一过程包括在将其常规用于临床环境之前，在前瞻性临床试验中进行广泛验证。本文综述了肺癌表观遗传生物标志物的证据，重点关注 DNA 甲基化。
