Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Am J Perinatol. 2013 Feb;30(2):149-59. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1334459. Epub 2013 Feb 6.
Despite recent advances in the pathogenesis, treatment, and public health response to hepatitis C virus (HCV), HCV as it specifically relates to pregnancy has been a neglected condition. HCV-monoinfected pregnant women have a 2-8% risk of viral transmission to their infant, but the mechanism and timing of mother to child transmission (MTCT) are not fully understood, nor is the natural history of the illness in pregnant women and their offspring. Recognition of HCV-infected pregnant women is relevant because of the long-term health implications for the mother, potential adverse effects of infection on pregnancy outcomes, and the possibility of transmission to their infants. Certain risk factors for MTCT of HCV appear similar to those for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); however, unlike HIV, effective methods for prevention of HCV vertical transmission have not been developed. It is possible that a better understanding of HCV MTCT and pathogenesis in pregnancy will guide development of useful prevention strategies, particularly as we enter an era where interferon-free drug cocktails may emerge as viable treatment options for HCV.
尽管丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 的发病机制、治疗和公共卫生应对措施最近取得了进展，但与妊娠相关的 HCV 一直是一个被忽视的问题。HCV 单一感染的孕妇将病毒传播给婴儿的风险为 2-8%，但母婴传播 (MTCT) 的机制和时间尚不完全清楚，孕妇及其后代的疾病自然史也不清楚。识别 HCV 感染的孕妇很重要，因为这对母亲有长期的健康影响，感染对妊娠结局的潜在不利影响，以及传染给婴儿的可能性。某些 MTCT 中 HCV 的危险因素与人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 相似；然而，与 HIV 不同的是，尚未开发出有效预防 HCV 垂直传播的方法。更好地了解 HCV 在妊娠中的母婴传播和发病机制，可能会指导有用的预防策略的制定，特别是因为我们即将进入一个无干扰素药物鸡尾酒可能成为 HCV 可行治疗选择的时代。
