Department of Vegetable Crops, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2013;53(5):435-50. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2010.541568.
Edible coatings are an environmentally friendly technology that is applied on many products to control moisture transfer, gas exchange or oxidation processes. Edible coatings can provide an additional protective coating to produce and can also give the same effect as modified atmosphere storage in modifying internal gas composition. One major advantage of using edible films and coatings is that several active ingredients can be incorporated into the polymer matrix and consumed with the food, thus enhancing safety or even nutritional and sensory attributes. But, in some cases, edible coatings were not successful. The success of edible coatings for fresh products totally depends on the control of internal gas composition. Quality criteria for fruits and vegetables coated with edible films must be determined carefully and the quality parameters must be monitored throughout the storage period. Color change, firmness loss, ethanol fermentation, decay ratio and weight loss of edible film coated fruits need to be monitored. This review discusses the use of different edible coatings (polysaccharides, proteins, lipids and composite) as carriers of functional ingredients on fresh fruits and vegetables to maximize their quality and shelf life. This also includes the recent advances in the incorporation of antimicrobials, texture enhancers and nutraceuticals to improve quality and functionality of fresh-cut fruits. Sensory implications, regulatory status and future trends are also reviewed.
可食用涂层是一种环保技术，应用于许多产品上以控制水分迁移、气体交换或氧化过程。可食用涂层可以提供额外的保护层，还可以通过改变内部气体组成来达到类似于气调贮藏的效果。使用可食用薄膜和涂层的一个主要优点是可以将几种活性成分掺入聚合物基质中并随食物一起消耗，从而提高安全性甚至营养和感官特性。但是，在某些情况下，可食用涂层并不成功。新鲜产品的可食用涂层的成功完全取决于内部气体组成的控制。必须仔细确定用可食用薄膜涂覆的水果和蔬菜的质量标准，并在整个储存期间监测质量参数。需要监测涂有可食用薄膜的水果的颜色变化、硬度损失、乙醇发酵、腐烂率和重量损失。这篇综述讨论了不同可食用涂层（多糖、蛋白质、脂质和复合材料）作为新鲜水果和蔬菜中功能性成分载体的使用，以最大限度地提高其质量和保质期。这还包括最近在将抗菌剂、质构增强剂和营养保健品掺入到新鲜切割水果中以提高其质量和功能方面的进展。本文还综述了感官影响、法规状况和未来趋势。
