Lau Robert, Maqsood Saadia, Harte David, Caughley Brian, Deacon Rob
College of Sciences, Massey University Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
J Environ Health. 2013 Jan-Feb;75(6):82-9.
Over 3,900 water samples from 688 cooling towers were tested for Legionella in 2008 in New Zealand. Of 80 (2.05% isolation rate) Legionella isolates, 10 (12.5%) were L. pneumophila serogroup 1; 10 (12.5%) were L. anisa; nine (11.2%) were L. pneumophila serogroup 8; and one (1.2%) was L. longbeachae serogroup 2. Forty-one (51.2%) Legionella isolates were L. pneumophila serogroups. Over 3,990 water samples from 606 cooling towers were tested for Legionella in 2009 in New Zealand. Of 51 (1.28% isolation rate) Legionella isolates, 18 (35.3%) were L. pneumophila serogroup 1, and 39 (76.4%) were other L. pneumophila serogroups. L. pneumophila serogroups were significantly associated with legionellosis cases in 2008 and 2009. L. longbeachae serogroups were equally significantly associated with legionellosis cases. This significant association of L. longbeachae with legionellosis particularly of L. longbeachae serogroup 1 is unique in that part of the world. The authors' study also showed that the aqueous environment of the cooling tower is not a natural habitat for pathogenic L. longbeachae. Regular monitoring and maintenance of cooling towers have prevented outbreaks of legionellosis.
2008年，新西兰对来自688座冷却塔的3900多个水样进行了军团菌检测。在80株（分离率2.05%）军团菌分离株中，10株（12.5%）为嗜肺军团菌血清1型；10株（12.5%）为阿氏军团菌；9株（11.2%）为嗜肺军团菌血清8型；1株（1.2%）为长滩军团菌血清2型。41株（51.2%）军团菌分离株为嗜肺军团菌血清型。2009年，新西兰对来自606座冷却塔的3990多个水样进行了军团菌检测。在51株（分离率1.28%）军团菌分离株中，18株（35.3%）为嗜肺军团菌血清1型，39株（76.4%）为其他嗜肺军团菌血清型。嗜肺军团菌血清型在2008年和2009年与军团病病例显著相关。长滩军团菌血清型与军团病病例同样显著相关。长滩军团菌与军团病，尤其是长滩军团菌血清1型的这种显著关联在世界的那个地区是独一无二的。作者的研究还表明，冷却塔的水环境不是致病性长滩军团菌的自然栖息地。对冷却塔进行定期监测和维护预防了军团病的暴发。
