Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, 140 Moore Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 2013 Feb;25(1):133-49. doi: 10.1017/S0954579412000958.
This study examined genetic and environmental influences on associations among marital conflict about the child, parental monitoring, sibling relationship negativity, and peer delinquency during adolescence and initiation of illegal drug use by young adulthood. The sample comprised data collected longitudinally from same-sex sibling pairs and parents when the siblings were 10-18 years old (M = 14.5 and 12.9 years for Child 1 and Child 2, respectively) and 20-35 years old (M = 26.8 and 25.5 years for Child 1 and Child 2, respectively). Findings indicate four factors that explain the initiation of illegal drug use: two shaped by genetic influences and two shaped by environments shared by siblings. The two genetically shaped factors probably have distinct mechanisms: one a child-initiated coercive process in the family and the other parent and peer processes shaped by the child's disclosure. The environmentally influenced factors seem distinctively shaped by poor parental monitoring of both sibs and the effects of siblings on each other's deviancy.
本研究考察了遗传和环境因素对婚姻冲突、父母监督、兄弟姐妹关系负面、青少年时期同伴犯罪与青年期开始使用非法药物之间关联的影响。该样本包括从同性兄弟姐妹对及其父母那里收集的纵向数据,这些数据是在兄弟姐妹 10-18 岁(儿童 1 和儿童 2 的平均年龄分别为 14.5 岁和 12.9 岁)和 20-35 岁(儿童 1 和儿童 2 的平均年龄分别为 26.8 岁和 25.5 岁)时收集的。研究结果表明,有四个因素可以解释非法药物使用的开始:两个受遗传影响,两个受兄弟姐妹共同环境影响。这两个遗传因素可能具有不同的机制:一个是家庭中孩子发起的强制性过程,另一个是孩子的披露所塑造的父母和同伴过程。受环境影响的因素似乎明显受到父母对两个孩子的监督不力以及兄弟姐妹之间对彼此越轨行为的影响的影响。