Pediatric Brain Research and Intervention Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60608, USA.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2013 May;19(5):601-12. doi: 10.1017/S135561771300012X. Epub 2013 Feb 11.
This study examined whether processing of emotional words impairs cognitive performance in acutely ill patients with pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD), with or without comorbid attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), relative to healthy controls (HC). Forty youths with PBD without ADHD, 20 youths with PBD and ADHD, and 29 HC (mean age = 12.97 ± 3.13) performed a Synonym Matching task, where they decided which of two probe words was the synonym of a target word. The three words presented on each trial all had the same emotional valence, which could be negative, positive, or neutral. Relative to HC both PBD groups exhibited worse accuracy for emotional words relative to neutral ones. This effect was greater with negative words and observed regardless of whether PBD patients had comorbid ADHD. In the PBD group without ADHD, manic symptoms correlated negatively with accuracy for negative words, and positively with reaction time (RT) for all word types. Our findings suggest a greater disruptive effect of emotional valence in both PBD groups relative to HC, reflecting the adverse effect of altered emotion processing on cognitive function in PBD. Future studies including an ADHD group will help clarify how ADHD symptoms may affect emotional interference independently of PBD.
这项研究旨在探讨在伴有或不伴有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿科双相障碍（PBD）急性发作的患儿中，情绪词的加工是否会损害认知表现，与健康对照组（HC）相比。40 名无 ADHD 的 PBD 青少年、20 名有 ADHD 的 PBD 青少年和 29 名 HC（平均年龄=12.97±3.13）完成了同义词匹配任务，在该任务中，他们判断两个探针词中哪个是目标词的同义词。每个试验呈现的三个词具有相同的情绪效价，可以是消极、积极或中性。与 HC 相比，PBD 两组对情绪词的准确性都比中性词差。这种影响在负性词中更大，并且无论 PBD 患者是否伴有 ADHD 都可以观察到。在无 ADHD 的 PBD 组中，躁狂症状与负性词的准确性呈负相关，与所有词类的反应时间（RT）呈正相关。我们的发现表明，在 PBD 两组中，情绪效价的干扰作用大于 HC，这反映了情绪处理改变对 PBD 认知功能的不利影响。未来包括 ADHD 组的研究将有助于阐明 ADHD 症状如何在不依赖 PBD 的情况下独立影响情绪干扰。
