Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Ziemssenstrasse 1, Munich, Germany.
Appl Ergon. 2013 Jul;44(4):652-8. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2013.01.001. Epub 2013 Feb 8.
A cross-sectional study design was applied on 273 nurses to investigate associations of physical job demands, age, and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in nursing. Concurrently, participants reported on various physical job demands with a standardized questionnaire for Hospital Work. As a special contribution, this investigation illustrates findings on MSDs provided by a standardized physical examination to questionnaire data. MSD located in the lower back (8.7%) had the highest frequency, followed by the neck (7.3%), the shoulders (6.9%), and the knees (2.2%). There were significant differences in the frequencies of MSD between the young/middle age-group and the old age-group in most locations, while the only significant difference between the young and the middle age-group was found for shoulder-MSD. Furthermore high levels of physical job demands increased the risk of MSD significantly (OR = 5.7, 1.55-20.96) in all age-groups. The study provides further indication for development of age-adapted preventive measures.
本研究采用横断面设计，对 273 名护士进行调查，以研究体力工作需求、年龄与护理人员肌肉骨骼疾病（MSD）之间的关系。同时，参与者使用医院工作标准化问卷报告各种体力工作需求。作为一项特殊贡献，本研究通过对问卷调查数据进行标准化体格检查，提供了 MSD 方面的发现。下背部（8.7%）的 MSD 发生率最高，其次是颈部（7.3%）、肩部（6.9%）和膝盖（2.2%）。在大多数部位，年轻/中年组和老年组之间 MSD 的发生率存在显著差异，而仅在肩部 MSD 方面，年轻组和中年组之间存在显著差异。此外，高水平的体力工作需求显著增加了 MSD 的风险（OR=5.7，1.55-20.96），在所有年龄组中均如此。本研究进一步表明，需要制定适应年龄的预防措施。
