Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
Environ Pollut. 2013 Dec;183:175-83. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.01.003. Epub 2013 Feb 9.
We determined eleven PAHs and four NPAHs in particulates and regulated pollutants (CO, CO2, HC, NOx, PM) exhausted from motorcycles to figure out the characteristics of motorcycle exhausts. Fluoranthene and pyrene accounted for more than 50% of the total detected PAHs. Among four detected NPAHs, 6-nitrochrysene and 7-nitrobenz[a]anthracene were the predominant NPAHs and were highly correlated relationship with their parent PAHs (R = 0.93 and 0.97, respectively). The PM and HC emissions tended to be close to the PAH emissions. NOx and NPAHs were negatively correlated. Despite their small engine size, motorcycles emitted much more PM and PAHs, showed stronger PAH-related carcinogenicity and indirect-acting mutagenicity, but weaker NPAH-related direct-acting mutagenic potency than automobiles. This is the first study to analyze both PAHs and NPAHs emitted by motorcycles, which could provide useful information to design the emission regulations and standards for motorcycles such as PM.
我们测定了摩托车排放的颗粒物和污染物（CO、CO2、HC、NOx、PM）中的 11 种多环芳烃和 4 种硝基多环芳烃，以了解摩托车尾气的特征。在检测到的多环芳烃中，荧蒽和芘占总多环芳烃的 50%以上。在所检测到的 4 种硝基多环芳烃中，6-硝基苊和 7-硝基苯并[a]蒽是主要的硝基多环芳烃，与它们的母体多环芳烃高度相关（R 值分别为 0.93 和 0.97）。PM 和 HC 的排放量往往与多环芳烃的排放量接近。NOx 和 NPAHs 呈负相关。尽管摩托车的发动机较小，但它们排放的 PM 和多环芳烃更多，显示出更强的与多环芳烃相关的致癌性和间接致突变性，但与硝基多环芳烃相关的直接致突变潜能较弱。这是首次分析摩托车排放的多环芳烃和硝基多环芳烃，可为制定摩托车的排放法规和标准（如 PM）提供有用的信息。
