Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre, Toronto, Canada.
Hippocampus. 2013 May;23(5):330-41. doi: 10.1002/hipo.22093. Epub 2013 Feb 12.
Rats were administered contextual fear conditioning and trained on a water-maze, spatial memory task 28 days or 24 h before undergoing hippocampal lesion or control surgery. When tested postoperatively on both tasks, rats with hippocampal lesions exhibited retrograde amnesia for spatial memory at both delays but temporally graded retrograde amnesia for the contextual fear response. In demonstrating both types of retrograde amnesia in the same animals, the results parallel similar observations in human amnesics with hippocampal damage and provide compelling evidence that the nature of the task and the type of information being accessed are crucial factors in determining the pattern of retrograde memory loss associated with hippocampal damage. The results are interpreted as consistent with our transformation hypothesis (Winocur et al. (2010a) Neuropsychologia 48:2339-2356; Winocur and Moscovitch (2011) J Int Neuropsychol Soc 17:766-780) and at variance with standard consolidation theory and other theoretical models of memory.
大鼠在进行情景恐惧条件反射和水迷宫空间记忆任务训练 28 天或 24 小时后，接受海马损伤或对照手术。术后在两项任务上进行测试时，海马损伤大鼠在两个延迟时间都表现出空间记忆的逆行性遗忘，但对情景恐惧反应则表现出时间分级的逆行性遗忘。在相同动物中同时表现出两种逆行性遗忘，结果与人类海马损伤遗忘症患者的类似观察结果相似，并提供了有力的证据，表明任务的性质和所访问的信息类型是决定与海马损伤相关的逆行性记忆丧失模式的关键因素。结果与我们的转换假说一致（Winocur 等人，2010a，Neuropsychologia 48：2339-2356；Winocur 和 Moscovitch，2011，J Int Neuropsychol Soc 17：766-780），与标准巩固理论和其他记忆理论模型不一致。
