Winocur G, McDonald R M, Moscovitch M
Department of Psychology, Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Hippocampus. 2001;11(1):18-26. doi: 10.1002/1098-1063(2001)11:1<18::AID-HIPO1016>3.0.CO;2-5.
A test of socially acquired food preferences was used to study the effects of large lesions to the hippocampal formation (HPC) on anterograde and retrograde memory in rats. In the anterograde test, rats with HPC lesions normally acquired the food preference but showed a faster rate of forgetting than control groups. When the food preference was acquired preoperatively, HPC groups exhibited a temporally graded retrograde amnesia in which memory was impaired when the preference was acquired within 2 days of surgery but not at longer delays. The results support the traditional theory that the HPC contributes to the consolidation of newly acquired information into a durable memory trace that is represented in other brain areas. Consistent with this view, the results indicate that, once a memory trace is consolidated, the HPC does not participate in its storage or retrieval. The possibility is considered that extrahippocampal areas in the medial temporal lobe are needed to maintain a memory trace throughout its existence.
采用一项关于社会习得性食物偏好的测试来研究大鼠海马结构（HPC）的大面积损伤对顺行性和逆行性记忆的影响。在顺行性测试中，患有HPC损伤的大鼠通常能习得食物偏好，但与对照组相比，其遗忘速度更快。当术前习得食物偏好时，HPC损伤组表现出时间梯度性逆行性遗忘，即当偏好是在手术2天内习得时，记忆受损，但延迟时间更长时则不受影响。这些结果支持了传统理论，即HPC有助于将新获取的信息巩固为一种持久的记忆痕迹，该痕迹存储于其他脑区。与此观点一致，结果表明，一旦记忆痕迹得到巩固，HPC就不再参与其存储或提取。研究考虑了一种可能性，即内侧颞叶的海马外区域在记忆痕迹的整个存续期间都需要维持该记忆痕迹。
