Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Toledo, Brazil.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2013 Jul;20(4):1002-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2012.11.017. Epub 2013 Jan 5.
Diacylglycerol (DAG) rich oils have an organoleptic property like that of regular edible oils, but these oils do not tend to be accumulated as fat. Palm oil ranks first in the world in terms of edible oil production owing to its low cost. The aim of this study was to propose a new methodology to produce diacylglycerol by hydrolysis of palm oil using Lipozyme RM IM commercial lipase as a catalyst under ultrasound irradiation. The reactions were carried out at 55 °C with two different methods. First, the reaction system was exposed to ultrasonic waves for the whole reaction time, which led to enzymatic inactivation and water evaporation. Ultrasound was then used to promote emulsification of the water/oil system before the hydrolysis reaction, avoiding contact between the probe and the enzymes. An experimental design was used to optimize the ultrasound-related parameters and maximize the hydrolysis rate, and in these conditions, with a change in equilibrium, DAG production was evaluated. Better reaction conditions were achieved for the second method: 11.20 wt.% (water+oil mass) water content, 1.36 wt.% (water+oil mass) enzyme load, 12 h of reaction time, 1.2 min and 200 W of exposure to ultrasound. In these conditions diacylglycerol yield was 34.17 wt.%.
富含二酰基甘油（DAG）的油具有类似于常规食用油的感官特性，但这些油不易被积累为脂肪。棕榈油因其成本低而在食用油生产中位居世界第一。本研究旨在提出一种新的方法，即在超声辐射下使用 Lipozyme RM IM 商业脂肪酶作为催化剂，通过水解棕榈油来生产二酰基甘油。反应在 55°C 下用两种不同的方法进行。首先，整个反应时间都将反应体系暴露在超声波下，这会导致酶失活和水分蒸发。然后，在水解反应之前，超声波用于促进水/油系统的乳化，从而避免探针与酶接触。采用实验设计来优化与超声相关的参数并最大程度地提高水解速率，并在这些条件下，通过平衡变化来评估 DAG 的产量。对于第二种方法，获得了更好的反应条件：11.20wt.%（水+油质量）含水量，1.36wt.%（水+油质量）酶负荷，12 小时反应时间，1.2 分钟和 200 W 的超声暴露。在这些条件下，二酰基甘油的产率为 34.17wt.%。
