Graduate School of Science & Technology, Niigata University, 8050, Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan.
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2013 Apr;17(2):301-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2013.01.006. Epub 2013 Feb 8.
Phosphorylases are one group of carbohydrate active enzymes involved in the cleavage and formation of glycosidic linkages together with glycoside hydrolases and sugar nucleotide-dependent glycosyltransferases. Noticeably, the catalyzed phosphorolysis is reversible, making phosphorylases suitable catalysts for efficient synthesis of particular oligosaccharides from a donor sugar 1-phosphate and suitable carbohydrate acceptors with strict regioselectivity. Although utilization of phosphorylases for oligosaccharide synthesis has been limited because only few different enzymes are known, recently the number of reported phosphorylases has gradually increased, providing the variation making these enzymes useful tools for efficient synthesis of diverse oligosaccharides.
磷酸化酶是涉及糖苷键的断裂和形成的糖活性酶的一类，与糖苷水解酶和糖核苷酸依赖性糖基转移酶一起。值得注意的是，催化的磷酸解是可逆的，使得磷酸化酶成为从供体糖 1-磷酸和合适的碳水化合物受体以严格的区域选择性高效合成特定寡糖的合适催化剂。尽管由于仅知道少数几种不同的酶，因此磷酸化酶在寡糖合成中的应用受到限制，但最近报道的磷酸化酶的数量逐渐增加，这为这些酶提供了更多的变化，使其成为高效合成各种寡糖的有用工具。
